影響不同身高學童之座面參數與最適值

Effects of Seat Surface Parameters and the Optimum Value on Schoolchildren of Different Heights

卓昱汝(Yu-Ju Cho)

指導教授 ： 張若菡

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/創新設計研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2014.00276

摘要

使用者的生心理需求，隨著時間、環境及年齡等不同條件而持續動態地在改變，因此，為因應不同條件下的使用者需求，家具設計應加入「動態」概念。學齡期兒童的骨骼肌肉成長與姿勢養成是重要的關鍵時期，必須使用符合其成長需求的學童座具。相關研究發現座面高度、深度及寬度會影響身體姿勢、重心穩定度，更影響到專注度與放鬆度。本研究提出模組化的動態概念，用抽換座面的方式以符合不同身高階段的學童座具需求。本研究分為兩階段座面實驗：(1)以心物法找出不同座面參數之最高與最低接受範圍；(2)探討不同座面參數對於不同身高學童姿勢、重心、專注度與放鬆度之影響。
實驗結果發現(1)座面高度、深度及寬度對於學童姿勢、重心具有顯著性差異，另外，座面高度對於專注度與放鬆度具顯著性差異；(2)本研究提出適合不同身高學童之座面參數模組化規格如下：長×寬×高為28×29×33公分、30×35×36公分、36×39×40.5公分、42×45×43.5公分。針對研究結果，提供未來相關研究及學童動態座具設計應用之參考，以期學童透過座具培養正確坐姿，並提高學習專注力。

關鍵字

座面參數 ； 學童 ； 人因

並列摘要

Users’ physical and psychological needs are continued dynamically changing with time, environments and ages, in response to users' dynamic needs under different conditions, furniture design should be added "dynamic" concepts. School-age is the important critical period for musculoskeletal growth and correct posture developing, we should emphasize whether the seat is conforming to the growing needs of children. Studies have found that the height, depth and width of the seat surface affect human’s postures, the stability of the center of gravity, and even the concentration and relaxation. Therefore, the research proposes that seat surface should be designed with dynamic concepts by modular method that is to swap the seat surface in a manner consistent demand for children of different heights. The research includes two stages: (1) collecting the ranges of different seat surface parameters with psychophysical methods; (2) investigate the effects of seat surface parameters on children od different heights, including posture, the center of gravity, concentration and relaxation.
Results are as followings, (1) the effects of children’s posture and center of gravity of seat surface of height, depth and width are with significant differences, and the effects of children’s concentration and relaxation of seat surface of height are with significant difference. (2)The dynamic modular specifications of seat surface: length×width×height is 28×29×33cm, 30×35×36cm, 36×39×40.5cm, 40×45×43.5cm. The suggests of children’s dynamic modular specifications is to provide for future research and design reference, expect that children could develop correct postures in suitable seat surface parameters, and improves their learning concentration.

並列關鍵字

seat surface parameters ； schoolchildren ； ergonomics

參考文獻

33.弓英晟，以心物法比較易碎品及非易碎品最大可接受卸下能力，碩士論文，屏東科技大學工業管理系，屏東，2009。

41.劉建麟，學習專注力多感測器座椅偵測回饋系統，碩士在職專班學位論文，成功大學工程科學系，臺南，2012。

36.邱從甲，小學生課桌椅設計之研究，碩士論文，中原大學工業工程研究所，桃園，2007。

40.廖尹瑄，適用於台灣女性之洗滌檯面高度，碩士論文，國立臺北科技大學創新設計研究所，臺北，2013。

35.呂佳蕙，居家兒童書桌椅設計之研究，碩士論文，國立臺北科技大學創新設計研究所，臺北，2008。