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  • 學位論文

主動式RFID室內定位遙控追蹤系統

Remote Control with Indoor Positioning Tracking System based on Active RFID

指導教授 : 柯開維

摘要


全球定位系統(GPS)已被廣泛地應用在行動裝置上,例如一般行車紀錄的GPS導航、結合在地資訊的旅遊服務以及救護車導航決定最佳路徑運送傷患,然而這些應用僅侷限於戶外使用,因為GPS衛星訊號於室內是無法發揮效用。 近年來室內定位技術已做了相當多的努力,以室內定位為基礎的無線射頻識別系統(RFID)吸引了研究人員的注意,而談到RFID技術LANDMARC是先鋒也是最常被提及的技術,它的原理在於透過參考點標籤和定位點標籤所回傳的信號強度估算出相對應的座標。 本論文實作一定位追蹤系統,藉由虛擬標籤群組定位演算法和LANDMARC 4鄰近參考點定位演算法,再搭配不同訊號處理方式讓定位誤差最小化。追蹤者是一個機器人自走車,後端伺服器負責接收被追蹤者的標籤和機器人自走車的標籤的信號強度後透過定位演算法計算出座標,被追蹤者的標籤座標是被傳送至機器人自走車執行追蹤,首先透過Wi-Fi傳送至手機行動裝置然後透過藍芽傳輸至機器人自走車,使用者可在手機行動裝置選擇連續或手動(暫停和繼續)的追蹤模式,在本研究中測試了不同的運作模式,也使用了不同的演算法進行誤差的量測。

並列摘要


Global Positioning System (GPS) has been widely used with mobile devices, such as general driving recorder with navigation, location-based tourism service, and ambulance navigation for optimum route. However, these applications are limited to outdoor usage since GPS is not effected inside buildings. Recently, many efforts have been made for indoor positioning technologies and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)-based indoor positioning drew researchers’ attention. With RFID technology, LANDMARC, was the pioneer work and the most frequently referred one. It’s based on the returned signal strength (RSS) from reference tags and the positioned tag to estimate the corresponding coordinates. The thesis is to implement a positioning and tracking system through the grouped-based virtual tags algorithm and LANDMARC 4-nearest neighbor positioning algorithm, combing with different signal processing methods to minimize the positioning error. The tracker is realized by a NXT robot. A post-processing server is in charge of collecting RSSs from tracked tag and tracking tag on the NXT robot and calculating the coordinate by positioning algorithms. The tracked tag’s coordinate is send to the NXT robot for tracing by first send to a mobile phone via Wi-Fi and then to the NXT robot via a Bluetooth connection. User may select the modes of tracking, continuously or manually (pause and resume), on the mobile phone. Various operations has been tested and the error of using different algorithms were also measured and compared in this research.

參考文獻


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