利用萃智(TRIZ)創新技法優化電梯安全

Applying TRIZ Innovative Techniques on Optimization of Elevator Safety

江嘉德(Chia-Der Chiang)

指導教授 ： 黃乾怡

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/管理學院工業工程與管理EMBA專班/碩士(2014年)

摘要

隨著國家經濟發展，產業升級，人口高度集中，都市化的土地開發越顯困難，高層建築物便不斷的向上攀升，而大樓垂直運輸機能的工具的電梯已成為大樓必要設備。
但臺灣及鄰近的日本，皆處於歐亞板塊與菲律賓板塊交接的地震帶，地震十分頻繁，最近全球更發生多次大規模地震，造成不同程度地災情；當地震發生時由其越高樓建築物，搖晃程度越是劇烈，導致安裝於電梯系統內之地震感知器啟動，使在行進中之電梯車廂不能繼續行走，並即刻於最近樓層停機，以確保人員與設備的安全。另一方面，因為對於由地震感測器作動而停止之電梯，必須由專門技術人員逐一作安全確認，但以當電梯因地震而停止之台數甚多時，將對電梯逐一復原作業花費甚多時間，造成使用者許多不便。且以往所採用之地震感測器絕大部份無自動復歸功能，需仰賴技術人員到場排除，鑒於這些狀況，開發具有自動復歸功能之地震感測器，在一般五級震度發生後，無立即性災害產生能夠自動復歸，並搭配遠距監視、自動異常診斷技術等系統，以確保地震後電梯之安全及縮減停機時間，維修人員之耗費，本文就此項技術之開發予以介紹說明。
近代電梯乘用需求與大眾生活已經是密不可分，但目前台灣電梯產業卻少有相關的創新研究及安全管理序論文章。在現今這個多變及面對全球化的競爭時代，台灣研發人員若能掌握到未來趨勢，創造出更優質的應用產品，將可為企業帶來更巨大的商機與優勢。運用萃智(TRIZ)方法提供前人的知識與經驗準則，其中演化趨勢不但可用於解決瓶頸問題，更可用於未來創新產品的預測，對產品創新具有指引的效用，可協助研發人員針對產品技術進行改良或創新產品的開發。
本論文之研究方法為運用萃智(TRIZ)的創新問題解決方案，結合二階段品質機能展開電梯地震感測器開發為例，在每個階段所展開後找出矛盾問題，再分別以萃智(TRIZ)創新原則找出解決方案，經由理想性評估得出最為可行之方式，然後實踐於電梯地震感測器品質提升所面臨之種種問題。希望藉由萃智(TRIZ)創新原則於在產品發展過程中，以創新思維解決所遇到之問題，以縮短研發時程並減少開發成本。
本研究之理論架構，根據研究目的及結果是以台灣電梯使用狀況為研究範圍，並根據企業人員技術能力、產品之開發能力、客製化能力、成本優勢、客戶導向等構面對電梯安全影響之分析。

關鍵字

電梯安全 ； 地震感測器 ； 二階段品質機能展開 ； 萃智(TRIZ)

並列摘要

As the country's economic development and industrial upgrading, the population is highly concentrated, and urban land development more difficult, high-rise buildings, then continued climbing, vertical transportation function of the building an elevator has become a tool of building the necessary equipment.
But Taiwan and the adjacent of Japan, are in Europe Asia plate and Philippines plate handover of earthquake with, earthquake is frequently, recently global more occurred repeatedly mass earthquake, caused different degree to disaster; Dang earthquake occurred Shi by its more towers buildings, shaking degree more violent, led to installation Yu elevator system within of earthquake perception device started, makes in March in the of elevator carriages cannot continues to walking, and immediately Yu recently floors downtime, to ensure personnel and equipment of security. Meanwhile, seismic sensor actuator is stopped because the elevator must be confirmed by specialized technical personnel by security, but when the elevator stops number very much because of the earthquake, will lift each undo operation takes much time and many users inconvenience caused. And past by used of earthquake sensor must most no automatically reverted function, needed depends on technicians scene excluded, given these status, development has automatically reverted function of earthquake sensor, in General five level earthquake degrees occurred Hou, no immediately sex disaster produced can automatically reverted, and match far from monitored, and automatically exception diagnosis technology, system, to ensure earthquake Hou elevator of security and the reduced downtime time, maintenance personnel of spent, paper on items technology of development be introduced description.
Modern elevator passenger demand and public life are inseparable, but Taiwan's elevator industry is a lack of relevant innovative research and safety management introduction to the article. In today's changing and to face the era of global competition, Taiwan research and development if we can grasp the trends of the future, create better applications, will bring tremendous business opportunities and advantages. Using extracted wisdom (TRIZ) method to provide code of previous knowledge and experience, including evolutionary trends can be used to solve the bottleneck problem, but can be used to predict future innovative products, product innovation is the utility of the guidelines, may assist in the development of the personnel aimed at improving product technology or the development of innovative products.
This papers of research method for using extraction wisdom (TRIZ) of innovation problem solution programme, combines II stage quality function started elevator earthquake sensor development for cases, in each stage by started Hou find contradictions problem, again respectively to extraction wisdom (TRIZ) innovation principles find solution programme, via ideal sex assessment obtained most feasible of way, then practice Yu elevator earthquake sensor quality upgrade by faced of all problem. Hope extraction wisdom (TRIZ) innovation in the product development process, with innovative thinking to solve all of the problems, to shorten development time and reduce development costs.
The theoretical framework of this study, based on the objective and the result is a Taiwan elevator usage for the scope of research, and according to technical capabilities and product development capabilities, customization capabilities, cost, customer-oriented structure, such as face lift security impact analysis.

並列關鍵字

Elevator safety ； Seismic sensors ； Multiple-phase QFDs (QFDⅠ-QFDII) ； TRIZ

參考文獻

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