近年來國內外石油化學工業工安事故頻傳,造成人員的傷亡與工廠的嚴重損失,在意外事故發生原因當中,過去的文獻較少被探討意外事故發原因之一為石油化工設備的安全問題,目前很多設備與裝置的設計中增加了工廠危害和可操作性研究HAZOP(Hazard and Operability Study)和安全儀表功能(SIF, Safety Instrumented Function),安全整合等級(SIL, Safety Integrity Level)為安全儀表系統(SIS, Safety Instrument System)之安全指標。 加上最近幾年此議題受到國內外石油化學工業大廠的重視,引起本研究針對安全儀表系統(Safety Instrument System, SIS)中工業安全指標之安全整合等級(Safety Integrity Level, SIL) 探討之動機。本研究將針對工業安全指標之安全整合等級(Safety Integrity Level, SIL)以研究設計與實施做探討,並透過個案分析和德爾菲法及結合專家深度訪談做綜合的分析,本研究根據以上之研究設計與實施,獲得下列結論與建議:企業在籌建化工廠之初就應該對於環境,安全及經濟作一完善之評估;所有的程序必須遵循國際法規(IEC61508/61511),借助標準的規範的手段與方法,進行評估,確定每一個SIF(Safety Integrity Function)的SIL(Safety Integrity Level)確保設計的正確性;儀控迴路測試週期縮短,可以維持SIL的長期有效性,最後就是要落實員工在職訓練。上述資料期望能提供企業參考及其思考方向,以提升石油化學工業之工業安全。
In recent years, industrial accidents in domestic and international petrochemical plants were frequently learnt. Huge injuries and losses of human life and large capital costs of plants were involved. One of the causes that result in industrial accidents is security of petrochemical equipment, which is seldom discussed in the past documents. Nowadays, HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study) and SIF (Safety Instrumented Function) have been implemented to design a lot of equipment and devices as the SIL (Safety Integrity Level ) is a safety index of SIS (Safety Instrument System). In addition, significant domestic and international petrochemical plants have paid attention to this topic over recent years. This became the motive to do a research for studying the SIL (Safety Integrity Level), the safety index of SIS (Safety Instrument System). In terms of SIL (Safety Integrity Level), the research has studied the design and implementation by means of case study and Delphi questionnaire and made a synthetic analysis, which incorporates profound interview with experts. Based on the said design and implementation, the research has arrived at the following conclusion and suggestions. First, before building a new petrochemical plant, enterprises should entirely assess environment, safety, and economics. Second , all the procedures should follow the international codes IEC 61508 and IEC 61511 for the risk assessment to ensure the correctness of each SIF/SIL design by means of the methodology specified in the codes. Also, a shorter SIS proof test interval could help the SIS achieve a higher SIL.In addation, the staff on-job training should be conducted pertinently. Hope the above-mentioned information as a reference can benefit the thinking way of enterprises and promote the industrial safety of petrochemical plants.