化學還原法備製錫-苯並三氮唑奈米複合顆粒應用於生質潤滑油中之磨潤特性探討

The tribological properties of the synthesis of Sn-BTA composite nanoparticles by chemical reduction application in bio-lubricant

陳傑安(Chieh-An Chen)

指導教授 ： 高木榮

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2014.00545

摘要

本論文目的是研究，以化學還原法合成Sn-benzotriazole(BTA)之複合顆粒及Sn-BTA奈米複合顆粒作為潤滑油添加劑之磨潤學性能。備製Sn-BTA複合粒子藉由氯化亞錫(SnCl2)、氫氧化鈉(NaOH)、硼氫化鈉(NaBH4)和BTA在乙醇水溶液中反應合成。BTA作為穩定奈米錫顆粒和保護奈米錫顆粒，提升其在不同濃度中之抗氧化性。在這過程中，將不需要額外惰性氣體保護奈米錫顆粒防止氧化。而相較於石蠟基礎油，環氧大豆油擁有良好潤滑特性、高粘度指數、低揮發度與高閃火點，並且由於它的生物可分解性、可再生性，可供為優良的潤滑油。磨潤實驗將藉由銷對盤試驗觀察磨疤直徑、摩擦力與磨損表面形貌，並研究石蠟基礎油及環氧大豆油對磨潤特性的影響。實驗將發現其抗磨損和抗摩擦之性能。最後，使用OM，SEM和EDS觀察，探討奈米顆粒抗摩擦和降低磨損之潤滑機制。歸納Sn-BTA奈米複合顆粒在磨潤實驗過程中之運作機制。結果顯示在最佳劑量比例與合成條件下，合成之Sn-BTA奈米複合顆粒平均粒徑約為19.86nm圓形球狀顆粒。Sn-BTA奈米複合顆粒分散於石蠟基礎油和環氧大豆油中可以大大提升潤滑油之磨潤性能，添加Sn-BTA於石蠟基礎油中其摩擦力與磨疤直徑在跟石蠟基礎油相比分別減少17%和53.9%，添加Sn-BTA於環氧大豆油中其摩擦力與磨疤直徑在跟石蠟基礎油相比分別減少19.2%和54.3%。磨潤機制是沉積膜於接觸區域形成，避免摩擦表面直接接觸以及減少接觸表面間之摩擦力，以及Sn-BTA奈米複合顆粒之球型形狀可以在摩擦表面起滾珠作用。

關鍵字

化學還原法 ； 奈米複合顆粒 ； 磨潤學 ； 抗氧化性 ； 環氧大豆油

並列摘要

The aim of this paper is to study the synthesis of Sn-benzotriazole (BTA) composite nanoparticles by chemical reduction and the tribological properties of the Sn-BTA composite nanoparticles as lubricant additives. The Sn-BTA composite nanoparticles are produced through the reaction of Stannous, Sodium hydroxide, Boron sodium cyanide and BTA in aqueous ethanol solution. BTA functions as the stabilizer of the Sn nanoparticles and the protector of anti-oxidation of Sn nanoparticles in various concentrations. In this process, we do not need extra inert gases to protect the oxidation of Sn nanoparticles. Compared to paraffinic base oil, epoxidized soybean oil has good lubrication characteristics, high viscosity index, low volatile degrees and high flash points. Due to its biodegradable and renewable, epoxidized soybean oil is considered to be an excellent lubricant .The tribological experiments are conducted by using the pin-on-disk test to observe the wear scar diameter, the friction force, and the morphology of worn surface. To investigate the effects of epoxidized soybean oil and paraffinic base oil for tribological characteristics. Their anti-wear and the performances of their anti-friction are found. Finally, OM, SEM and EDS are used to interpret the possible lubricating mechanisms of the anti- friction and the anti- wear. The possible mechanisms of Sn-BTA composite nanoparticles in process of triobological experiments were generalized. Results show that the mean diameter of synthesized Sn-BTA composite nanoparticles is about 19.86nm spherical shape particle in the best percentage of dosage and synthesis condition. The tribological performance of lubricating oils can be improved significantly by dispersing Sn-BTA composite nanoparticles in liquid paraffin oil and epoxidized soybean oil. The friction force and the wear scar diameter which added Sn-BTA in liquid paraffin oil have been reduced by 17% and 53.9% respectively compared with liquid paraffin oil. The friction force and the wear scar diameter which added Sn-BTA in epoxidized soybean oil have been reduced by 19.2% and 54.3% respectively compared with epoxidized soybean oil.In conclusion, the significant finding show that the tribological mechanism is that a deposit film in the contacting regions was formed, which prevented the direct contact of rubbed surfaces and greatly reduced the friction force between contacting surface. Besides, the spherical shape of Sn-BTA composite nanoparticles functioned as rolling ball between the rubbed surfaces.

並列關鍵字

chemical reduction ； composite particles ； tribological ； anti-oxidation ； epoxidized soybean oil

參考文獻

[6] 蔡孟容，方馨芸，楊文都，” 利用修飾Pechini法製備SnO₂粉末及其性質之研究”， 工程科技與教育學刊，2010，頁245-249

[2] Chien Chon Chen,”A Study on Fabrication and Characteristics of Tin Nanowires and Nanospheres by Template Assisted Method”, Thesis, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 2005

[7] Yong Wang, Jim Y. Leea, and Theivanayagam C. Deivaraj, “Tin Nanoparticle Loaded Graphite Anodes for Li-Ion Battery Applications", J. Electrochem. Soc. 2004 volume 151, issue 11, A1804-A1809

[10] Zhiwei Li, Xiaojun Tao , Yaming Cheng ,Zhishen Wu , Zhijun Zhang , Hongxin Dang “A facile way for preparing tin nanoparticles from bulk tin via",2006

[12] J. T. Burwell Jr, “Survey of possible wear mechanisms,” Wear, vol. 1, no. 2, 1957, pp. 119–141.