地工合成材料應用於呈層複合土壤水質淨化系統之研究

A Study of Multi Soil Layering System Using Geotextiles

張鈞偉(Chun-Wei Chang)

指導教授 ： 何嘉浚

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與防災研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2013.00503

摘要

目前國內的生活污水大多經由污水下水道系統收集至污水處理廠處理，以減低對環境的影響，然而因其造價高且施工工期長，短期內並無法達到全面普及，由其在住戶較零散之郊區或偏遠山區，生活污水往往未經處理便排入河川或水庫集水區內，進而造成水體水質受影響。鑑於此，近年來國內開始採用現地自然淨化處理系統(natural treatment system, NTS)來解決現階段問題，諸如人工濕地、礫間淨化處理及土壤入滲處理系統等，然此類系統卻常受限於較低的水力負荷率而導致阻塞，故日本發展出一套新興的土壤處理技術「呈層複合土壤水質過濾系統(multi soil layering system, MSL)」，其水力負荷率較大，且因系統設置於地底下，大大的降低了人為的干擾及維護管理的作業，有效的改善NTS缺點。
MSL系統主要由土塊混合層(soil mixing block layer, SML)及透水層(permeability layer, PL)組合而成，日本之MSL案例中係以椰纖或麻布袋來包覆SML，然在長期使用下容易分解腐化而影響系統壽命，為改善此一問題，本研究採用耐久性較佳且品質較穩定之地工合成材料(地工不織布)來取代椰纖或麻布袋，並以自行開發之MSL滲透過濾儀來進行一系列的室內實驗，以探討地工不織布在不同的水力負荷作用下，對於MSL之水質淨化成效表現，作為後續實務工程材料選擇參考。
由實驗可知，相同厚度地工不織布淨化效果優於黃麻布，故以地工不織布取代黃麻布實屬可行，且較厚之地工不織布表現較薄者佳。另外，地工不織布MSL系統之水力負荷率位於3000~5000 L/m2/day之間時，水質污染削減效果最佳。

關鍵字

呈層複合土壤 ； 地工合成材料 ； 現地處理 ； 水力負荷

並列摘要

In the current time, the majority of water pollution will be collected by sewage systems and go through the sewage treatment plant, in order to reduce the impact of environment. However it is lack of the prevalence in the short period of time due to the jute bag and the time period of building, especially the countryside or suburb where used water go to the rivers or reservoirs straight away without any cleaning processes. In this case, the quality of water is directly influenced. Nowadays, Taiwan starts running Natural Treatment System (NTS) to solve the current problems, for instance, wetland, contact oxidation and soil treatment system, et al. Yet, this treatment is limited by poor hydraulic loading which gets clogging easily. Therefore, there is a new soil processing technique called Multi Soil Layering System (MSL) in Japan which provided larger load for hydraulic loading locates beneath the ground. This system efficiently improves the defect of NTS, and reduces the manual maintenance and disturbance.
MSL is mainly combined from Soil Mixing Block Layer (SML) and Permeability Layer (PL). In the case of MSL, it is covered by coconut-fiber and gunny in Japan; however, it is easily to impact the life-span of system and decompose the rots. In order to solve the problem, this study will develop a new MSL by focusing on the better duration and stable , woven geotextile, instead of coconut-fiber and gunny. It will also discuss the water cleaning experiment of MSL, and provide a reference to future engineer materials by applying woven geotextile in the different hydraulic loadings.
From the result of experiment, it can be proved that the same thickness of woven geotextile which is better than the coconut fiber gunny makes an efficient cleaning. Hence, it has been shown that the possibility of using woven geotextile could be demonstrated in thicker woven geotextile instead of the thin one. Besides, the hydraulic loading of woven geotextile MSL hydraulic loading rates between 3000 to 5000 L/m2/day, which can appear better quality of water.

並列關鍵字

Multi Soil Layering of System ； Woven Geotextile ； Natural Treatment System ； Hydraulic Loading

參考文獻

[30] 鄭伊伶，「不同介質對地下滲濾系統之氮、磷污染去除效能比較」，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學環境與規劃管理研究所，台北，2005。

[28] 胡惠宇，「地下滲濾式生活污水現地處理系統之研究」碩士論文，國立台北科技大學環境與規劃管理研究所，台北，2005。

[22] 凃邑靜，「人工濕生態淨化系統處理效能之探討-以彰化縣洋子厝溪為例」，碩士論文，國立中興大學環境工程學系所，台中，2007。

[21] 馮宇柔，「利用通氣式薄膜生物反應槽與厭氧氨氧化程序進行廢水除氨之研究」，博士論文，國立台灣大學環境工程學研究所，台北，2008。

[2] K. Sato, T. Masunaga and T. Wakatsuki "Characterization of treatment processes and mechanisms of COD, phosphorus and nitrogen removal in a multi-soil-layering system." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, vol.51, 2005, no. 2, pp213-221.