此研究聚焦在奈米黏土與氫氧化鋁應用在聚烯烴彈性體對阻燃特性與機械特性影響。以氫氧化鋁作為阻燃劑,但其高填充量造成機械性質下降,故本實驗添加奈米黏土以提升其熱安定性、阻燃性、抑煙性及機械性質。利用奈米黏土添加,使氫氧化鋁阻燃劑發揮最大的效應。比較不同比例有機奈米黏土對於阻燃型聚烯烴彈性體(Polyolefin elastomer)複合材料之影響。 本實驗經由XRD顯示EPDM-MA成功插入奈米黏土層距間,使得奈米黏土的層間距離變大;UL-94在添加3wt%和5wt%兩種奈米黏土之複合材料皆通過V-0等級的測試,且限氧指數也達到27已屬於難燃等級。由TGA顯示複合材料之熱裂解溫度在添加3wt%奈米黏土時達到最高,與機械性質的趨勢相同也與衝擊測試的趨勢一樣,由各項數據顯示,添加奈米黏土不僅可以提升熱安定性,對於阻燃效果和機械性質也有所提升,但是添加過量時,會導致奈米黏土有聚集的現象,反而會有反效果,所以在添加奈米黏土時候必須十分注意所添加的量。
The aluminum hydroxide (43~50 wt%) and the nanoclay (1~7 wt%) were compounded with the polyolefin elastomer (POE) to improve the flame retardancy, and the ethylene propylene diene rubber grafted with maleic anhydrite(EPDM-MA, 5wt%) was added as the compatilizer. The addition of the nanoclay with 3 or 5 wt% loading into the composite improve the limiting oxygen index (LOI, 27), the degradation temperature (Td, 5% weight loss), the 50% weight loss (T50wt%), the tensile strength, the elongation at break, the Young’s modulus, the maximum smoke density (Dm), the whole smoke at the first 4 minutes (VOF4) and the rating of UL-94 test (V-0) for the flame retardant system. The X-ray diffraction data indicate that the nanoclays were either exfoliated or intercalated inside the composites.