以回應曲面法探討添加膨潤土對水包油型乳液最適化製備條件之研究

Study of optimization of bentonite addition on oil in water emulsions preparation using response surface methodology

陳政宇(Cheng-Yu Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳文章

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

皮克林（Pickering）乳液是由水相、油相與固體粒子所組成的乳化系統。有兩種方式可以使皮克林乳液更加的穩定，其中一種方法是固體粒子藉由改性來增加乳液的穩定性，另一種方法是利用固體粒子與界面活性劑協同來穩定乳液。與一般的傳統乳液相比，皮克林乳液除了穩定性強，還可以減少界面活性劑的用量，對環境的污染性較低，所以有很大的應用潛力。
而製備方式是利用型號為T25的均質機，將油相以液滴的形式分散在黏土與界面活性劑水溶液中，使用的界面活性劑為Tween 80、懸浮劑為羥乙基纖維素、固體粒子選用膨潤土而油相則選用肉豆蔻酸異丙酯。在沒有添加界面活性劑的情況下，增加黏土的添加量是無法有效的改變溶液的表面張力，因此適當的添加界面活性劑可以降低油/水之間的表面張力。利用回應曲面法進行實驗設計來探討各個因子對乳液粒徑的影響：Tween 80的含量、膨潤土的含量、水溶液與油的比例、均質機的轉速。經由統計軟體模擬的結果顯示在Tween 80含量為15.12％、膨潤土含量為1.81％、水溶液與油的比例為4.551:1、均質機轉速為9121rpm的製程條件下，可以得到最適化的乳液，乳液的預測值為887.2nm，而驗證最適化的製備條件所製備出的乳液粒徑為891.5nm。

關鍵字

膨潤土 ； 皮克林乳液 ； 界面活性劑 ； 回應曲面法 ； 實驗設計法 ； 最適化

並列摘要

Pickering emulsions are composed of water phase, oil phase and solid particles mixture in an emulsified system. There are two ways to increase the stability of emulsions. One is through surface modified particles, and the other is combining the solid particles with surfactant. Compared with the traditional emulsions, Pickering emulsions are more stable, in which the amount of surfactant is reduced. Therefore, Pickering emulsions tend to have low pollution for environment, and it has great potential for applications.
The emulsions were prepared by adding oil to the clay and surfactant solution under the T25 homogenizer. The surfactant is Tween 80, suspending agent is HEC, Clay is bentonite, and the oil phase is isopropyl myristate. From the study of surface tension, in the absence of surfactant, the addition of increasing clay contents did not significantly change the surface tension. Therefore, adding proper content of surfactant can reduce the surface tension. The particle size and distribution of Pickering emulsions were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM) for design of experiments as a function of four factors: %Tween 80 content, %bentonite content, an aqueous dispersion-to-oil ratio, and the rotational speed of homogenizer. Simulation by computer software predicted the particle size of 887. 2nm when optimal emulsification conditions were: %Tween 80 = 15.12%, %bentonite = 1.81%, an aqueous dispersion-to-oil ratio = 4.551：1, and the rotational speed of homogenizer = 9121 rpm, and the actual experimental value of particle size was 891.5 nm.

並列關鍵字

bentonite ； Pickering emulsions ； surfactant ； response surface methodology ； design of experiments ； optimization

參考文獻

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