- 學位論文
稻殼/聚丙烯天然纖維複合材料之阻燃性質研究
Flame Retardancy of Rice Husk / Polypropylene Natural Fiber Composites
摘要
本研究利用聚丙稀及稻殼粉，添加脫層奈米層狀石墨及熱還原石墨烯(TRG)，外加兩種無機阻燃劑氫氧化鋁(ATH)及氫氧化鎂(MH)，藉由塑譜儀以熔融混煉法製備出聚丙烯-稻殼天然纖維複合材料。利用ASTM D635、UL-94檢測複合材料的熱穩定性及阻燃性質。再利用萬能拉力試驗機及擺錘式耐衝擊試驗機測量聚丙烯-稻殼天然纖維複合材料之機械性質。 由ASTM D635的水平燃燒結果顯示，完全不添加任何阻燃劑的樣品，燃燒速率為36.08 mm/min，單獨添加1wt%、3wt%、5wt%的脫層奈米石墨，或外加10wt%、20wt%、30wt%的ATH或MH，水平燃燒速率僅降低至20 mm/min左右，但若同時加入脫層奈米石墨及外加兩種無機阻燃劑時，均有相當明顯的共伴效應，燃燒速率明顯降低，且在某些添加量的情況下，材料在燃燒速率測定過程會自熄，以50%RH/5%xGnP-H25/20%ATH及50%RH/3%xGnP-H25/20%MH為本研究中之最佳比例，水平燃燒速率分別只有5.66 mm/min及5.98 mm/min，達到UL-94規範之HB等級。
並列摘要
In this study, rice husk/polypropylene composites filled with graphene nanoplatelets, graphene and two kinds of inorganic flame retardants, aluminum hydroxide (ATH) and magnesium hydroxide (MH), were compounded using a Brabender Plasticorder. The dispersion of graphene nanoplatelets and graphene in composites were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The flammability of natural fiber composites of different formulations was evaluated by ASTM D635 and UL-94. Moreover, the mechanical properties of natural fiber composites were determined by ISO 527 and ASTM D256, respectively using a tensile testing machine and an Izod impact tester. The results showed that no peak was detected in the XRD spectrum for graphene reinforced rice husk/polypropylene composites. It indicated that there was no agglomeration occurs during the mixing process. The horizontal burning test results showed that plain 50 wt% PP/rice husk composites showed a horizontal burning rate of 36.08 mm/min. When flame retardant or nanographte was added in the composite, the burning rate reduced to 20 mm/min. On the other hand, a synergetic effect were observed when graphene nanoplatelets were used in conjunction with aluminum hydroxide (ATH) or magnesium hydroxide (MH).The horizontal burning rate was significantly reduced. Besides, materials were self-extinguished during testing period under some circumstances. The horizontal burning rate of these samples could be as low as 5.66 mm/min.
並列關鍵字
rice husk ； composites ； graphene ； aluminum hydroxide ； magnesium hydroxide ； flame retardant參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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