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  • 學位論文

多角化對績效及風險的影響:以銀行與信用合作社為例

The Effect of Diversifications on the Performance and Risks of Banks and Credit Unions in Taiwan

指導教授 : 趙莊敏

摘要


銀行與信用合作社乃是金融服務業的一環,長久以來一直扮演著資金中介者之角色,居間調節著金融市場的資金供給與需求,換句話說,就是透過資金之供給者,居間藉以給付或收取資金價格(利率)及賺取利差為銀行與信合社的主要營業收入。由於金融機構家數太多,多數業者又因缺乏金融創新人才,故只能競逐傳統業務,演變成價格面的競爭。而價格競爭最普遍的作法就是降低放款利率、提高存款利率,結果導致利差大幅縮小,資產報酬率和股東權益報酬率也持續下降。   基於上述原因,近年來銀行開發信用卡、現金卡、信託、衍生性金融商品、金融資產證券化、不動產證券化及財富管理等業務,收入來源多樣化。信合社屬於地區性金融服務,業務較易受地緣限制。然而商業銀行因競爭關係,逐漸於較偏僻的鄉鎮增加其分支機構,使信合社亦邁向多角化,金融商品亦多樣化。   依照業務來特性觀看,銀行與信用合作社業務朝多角化經營程度愈高,非利息收入佔營業收入比重愈高,有可能藉放款利率減碼,降低利差,換取其他業務賺取手續費的機會,以達成整體最大利益。本研究主要即在探究金融機構多角化對績效及風險之影響為何。特別的是,我們以風險調整後績效(Risk-adjusted rate of ROE)來代替績效及風險,以一個指標即可同時衡量到績效及風險。   研究發現,無論是銀行或信合社,確實存在一個多角化程度門檻點,將多角化程度分成兩個區間。以荷芬達多角化指標DIVHHI來看,銀行之多角化程度門檻點為0.404329,信合社為0.38406036;若以非利息收入占利息收入比率之多角化指標DIVNIOIR來看,銀行之多角化程度門檻點為0.28128672,信合社為0.25923077。

並列摘要


Due to the competitiveness become more serious than ever in financial industry, financial organizations are doing more and more diversification to earn more operating income. But different studies and researches usually came out vary results. This study examines the banks and credit unions, two important types of financial organizations in Taiwan’s economy, doing diversification would give what kind of impact to their financial performance and risk. We choose 36 banks and 27 credit unions in Taiwan and collect 4-year period data from 2005 to 2008. There are two different diversification variables- Herfindahl-Hirschman index and Non-interest income to operating income ratio. Then we use Panel Threshold Regression Model to test if there are thresholds when financial organizations do diversifications. With the performance and risk, we combine them together and come out with one indicator- risk-adjusted rate of ROE. We find when banks and credit unions do more diversification it would influence their Risk-adjusted rate of ROE significantly. So making decisions of doing diversifications becomes a very important idea for management of banks and credit unions. The findings can help researchers to understand that different types of financial institutions may optimally choose different degrees of diversification, which sheds some light on the inconsistent findings in the literature regarding the relationship between diversification and firm values.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


李忠翰(2011)。多角化與收入結構對銀行經營效率的影響〔碩士論文,國立臺北大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0023-2206201101152500
吳錦河(2012)。生技產品多角化策略診所醫師接受度研究〔碩士論文,中臺科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0099-0907201215490407
蔡志純(2012)。儲備分行經理管理職能發展之實務研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315291320

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