液壓與油電混合動力車之反向式能量模擬與分析

Energy Management in Hydraulic Hybrid Vehicle and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Backward Simulation

杜銘祥(Ming-Siang Du)

指導教授 ： 陳嘉勳

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

傳統車輛往往因為間歇式行駛模式，容易產生大量廢氣及油耗汙染。因此希望有效改善廢氣排放及耗能兩大缺失，並保持車輛原有的性能。雖然純電動車具有高效能以及低汙染的特性，但行駛距離受限與電池價格昂貴。而油電混合動力車雖然可以達到環保節能的目的，但跟傳統車輛來比仍昂貴許多。液壓混合動力車以引擎作動，需要加速時與其它動力源交替使用，液壓系統蓄壓器用盡時再回到傳統引擎運作，並利用剎車產生的動力與液壓馬達/泵浦配合，以循環模式回收再利用，達到節省耗油及回收能源功用。
本研究利用Matlab/Simulink建立液壓混合動力車和油電混合動力車整車的模型，並進行反向式模擬。透過輸入NEDC行車型態，可得知燃油經濟性、動力元件、儲能元件SOC的變化情形。可透過不同動力元件模型、儲能元件模型的連接與串聯或並聯型式的組合可得到7種型式，分別為手排變速箱車輛、串聯式油電與液壓混合動力車、並聯式油電與液壓混合動力車、純電動車輛與液壓電動混合動力車。模擬結果為串聯式液壓混合動力車比串聯式油電混合動力車可省油25.2%，並聯式液壓混合動力車比並聯式油電混合動力車差5.84%，而液壓電動混動力車能比純電動車節省11.4%電量。

關鍵字

反向式模擬 ； 油電混合動力車 ； 液壓混合動力車 ； NEDC行車型態

並列摘要

As the impact of rapid change of climate, energy saving and carbon reduction claims must be effectively reacted by reducing energy consumption and emissions. The goal of the vehicle industry would like to achieve the same vehicle overall performance even after the treatment of energy saving and carbon reduction. The traditional vehicle is often in the intermittent mode, and it could cause great emissions and more fuel consumption. The petrol-electric hybrids or pure electric cars can achieve the fuel saving requirement, but they are more expensive. Thought an electric vehicle has high efficiency and low emission characteristics, the range is limited and the batteries are expensive and unsafe. During the accelerating, hydraulic hybrid vehicles use both or either power. When the accumulator is exhausted, the traditional engine will drive and charge the accumulator. The advantage of brake-regenerating of hydraulic pumping can recovery 80 % of dynamic energy. The fuel-saving and energy recovery function of hydraulic regeneration are more effectively than that of electric regeneration.
This study uses the Matlab/Simulink to build hybrid electric and hydraulic hybrid vehicle models, and the backward simulation is applied in models. During NEDC driving cycle simulation, the change of fuel economy, the output of power components, and the SOC of energy storage system can be retrieved. There are seven kinds of patterns can be obtained through various power component models, energy storage element models, and the connections of series or parallel. There are conventional manual transmission vehicle, series hybrid electric vehicle, series hydraulic hybrid vehicle, parallel hybrid electric vehicle, parallel hydraulic hybrid vehicle, electric vehicle, and hydraulic-electric hybrid vehicle. The simulation shows that the fuel efficient of series hydraulic hybrid vehicle is better than that of series hybrid electric vehicle by 25.2%. The fuel economy of parallel hydraulic hybrid vehicle is worse than that of parallel hybrid electric vehicle by 5.84%, and hydraulic-electric hybrid vehicle can be save 11.4% of battery electricity comparing with the electric vehicle.

並列關鍵字

Backward Simulation ； Hybrid Electric Vehicle ； Hydraulic Hybrid Vehicle ； NEDC driving cycle

參考文獻

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