背景: 過去五年內,台灣針對護理系學生(以下簡稱護生)HIV/AIDS之知識(knowledge, K)、態度(attitude, A)、行為(practices, P)的研究甚少,台灣HIV/AIDS盛行率逐年增加,醫療照護人力需求也隨之增加。護理人員對於HIV/AIDS的了解,及其態度和對感染者的照護意願,會直接影響到HIV/AIDS病患的照顧品質。因此,護理人員的養成教育會影響其日後對病患的照護品質。 目的: 本研究目的為探討臺北醫學大學護生的HIV/AIDS KAP;護生的HIV/AIDS知識來源;影響HIV/AIDS KAP的護生特質以及HIV/AIDS KAP彼此之間的相關性。 研究方法: 研究使用問卷收集資料,問卷內容共分四部分:1.人口與其他特質2.HIV/AIDS知識量表3.HIV/AIDS態度量表 4.HIV/AIDS行為量表,HIV/AIDS KAP量表總分各為30、180與165分。問卷採不記名填寫。本研究已獲臺北醫學大學人體試驗委員會核可,並免除受試者簽署知情同意書。 結果: 有效問卷共195份,回收率為82.3%。知識庫李信度為0.829、態度Cronbach α值為0.852、行為Cronbach α值為0.957。整體護生知識(16.9±4.9分)表現需加強、態度(136.9±15.3分)及行為(125.4±16.4分)表現普通。護生HIV/AIDS的知識來源依序為高中課程(57.4%)及大學課程(55.9%),網路(51.3%)和醫學書報雜誌(51.3%)。知識的相關因素為「系級」、「年齡」與「大學是否曾經上過愛滋病相關課程」;態度之相關因素為「系級」;行為之相關因素為「親戚鄰居朋友同學有沒有HIV/AIDS患者」與「如果你是護理師,未來最想從事工作的場所」;同時與態度及行為之相關因素為「是否接受同性戀」與「未來是否想當護理師」;同時與知識、態度及行為之相關因素為「是否對愛滋病營養學感興趣」及「若開愛滋病營養學之課程,你是否會選修它」。HIV/AIDS KAP彼此間都具顯著相關性。 結論: 護生HIV/AIDS知識需加強,態度及行為大都正向,仍有部分護生態度及行為需改善。「是否接受同性戀」是知識、態度及行為的相關因素。 關鍵字:大學、護理學系學生、愛滋病、同性戀
Background: In the past five years in Taiwan, there have been few studies on nursing undergraduate students’ knowledge (K), attitude (A) and practices (P) toward people with HIV/AIDS. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Taiwan increases every year, but health care staff are still not enough, especially nurses. If nurses had adequate knowledge of HIV/AIDS and were willing to care for HIV/AIDS patients with a positive attitude, the quality of health care would be better. Purposes: The purposes of this study included 1. To investigate KAP of HIV/AIDS of the nursing undergraduate students in Taipei Medical University 2. To determine sources of HIV/AIDS knowledge, and 3. To analyze the students’ characteritics associated with KAP. 4.To analyze if HIV/AIDS KAP are correlated with one another. Methods: In this study, the questionnaire used for data collection is comprised of four parts: 1. socio-demographic data and other characteristics, 2-4. the scales of HIV/AIDS KAP. The questionnaires were filled anonymously. Ethical approval was granted by Office of Human Research & Development in Taipei Medical University. Results: Valid questionnaires were collected from 195 students which represented a response rate of 82.3%. Kuder-Richardson reliability of the K scale was 0.829, Cronbach α values of the A and P scales were 0.852 and 0.957, respectively. The mean score of K was 16.9±4.9 (maximum score: 30). The mean scores of A and P were 136.9±15.3 (maximum score: 185) and 125.4±16.4 (maximum score: 165). High school lectures (57.4%) and university lectures (55.9%) were the main sources of HIV/AIDS K followed by internet (51.3%) and medical magazines (51.3%). “Year in university” was associated with K and A. “Age” was also associated with K. “If accept homosexuals” was associated with A and P. “HIV/AIDS status of family, neibors and friends” was associated with P. “Taking college course on HIV/AIDS” could influence K. “Interested in the course of HIV/AIDS and nutrition” and “Willing to take the HIV/AIDS and nutrition course” were the associated factors of KAP. “Desire to be a nurse” could be associated with A and P. “Ideal workplace if you become a nurse” was the associated factor of P. The three components of KAP were significant correlated with one another. Conclusion: Some nursing undergraduate students need to improve HIV/AIDS KAP. “If accept homosexuals” was associated with KAP Keywords: Nursing undergraduate students, AIDS, homosexual
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