本論文係針對目前台灣廢棄物管理面對垃圾量增加、環保署配合時代潮流提出資源回收、垃圾減量「零廢棄」方案。然而資源回收率卻不如預期,本研究主要為探討原因及檢討改進之道。以達到資源回收再利用、垃圾減量的目標。 本研究經由蒐集相關文獻資料並加以歸納整理分析,總計探索德國、日本、美國、法國之資源回收法制面及執行面及前揭各該國一個城市之資源回收經驗包括威斯巴登、大阪、聖塔摩尼卡、及尼特鎮等四個個案。就回收趨勢、管理架構、收集機制和通路、成本和收入、成功因素、法令規章、財政誘因、民眾認知、市場發展、未來發展等項探討,並作總結比較。然後探討我國資源回收現制並參考個案經驗檢討問題與對策。 由於不同國家,不同城市所採資源回收策略有差異,績效也有差別,但基本環保理念則相同。本研究找出各國可供我們借鏡之成功因素,提出建議: 1、積極推動廚餘回收再利用堆肥化措施。 2、重視營建及拆除廢棄物之回收利用。 3、加重業者責任,取回自己製造的物質。 4、回收責任屢行途徑多元化。 5、改變現行清潔規費收費制度。 6、推行資源回收專用袋。 7、強化便利普及回收通路。 8、採強制垃圾分類制度,設細分類廠。 9、扶植民間企業資源回收產業規模化。 期望對我資源回收之機制及回收率之改善有實質幫助。
The waste management in Taiwan faces the problem of fast growing amount of domestic wastes.Currently,EPA-ROC is promoting “Resource Recycling、Refuse Minimization” and ”Zero Waste”programs to address this problem.However, the resource recycle rate did not meet the expectation.This thesis tries to find out the reasons and provides improvement solutions in order to achieve the goal of resource recycling and Refuse minimization. In this research, first we studied the regulations and executions in different countries including Germany,Japan,USA and France.Secondly,we picked one city from each country as our study case. Those cities areWiesbaden Germany,Osaka Japan,Santa Monica USA and Niort France.We analyzed and compared various aspects of this cities’ recycling experience including the trend of recycling,waste management structure,collection facilities and accessibility,costs,revenues,success of the scheme,fiscal incentives,public awareness,market and future development.Finally,we point out the problems of current system in Taiwan and provide solutions based on what we learnt from studied case. The resource recycling strategy and performance differ from country to country.Our research extracted the key of success from other countries’ experience and suggests that we should:1.enhance food waste composting activities 2.,revise current charging for waste management.3.improve the convenience and prevalence of the recycling channel,4.impose the waste classification policy and so fourth,therefore it can help improve the rate of resource recycling.