組織精簡對員工工作態度與工作績效影響之研究─以兵科學校整併為例

The Study on the Influence of Personnel’s Working Attitude and Performance Caused by Organization Downsizing – the Mergence of the Military Schools are Taken for Example

蔡進興(Chin-Hsing Tsai)

指導教授 ： 徐學忍

元智大學/管理學院/管理研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

國軍配合政府組織再造，積極推動「精進案」─國軍組織再造工程，預期達到組織扁平化之要求，精進組織再造精神，以提升國軍整體訓練成效，厚植部隊戰力。惟無論是回顧過去有關組織精簡與整併之研究發現，組織員工在變革當中往往產生不確定性、焦慮的壓力、甚至面臨離職或失業等危機，而影響工作績效。

在思考如何消除組織員工在因應變革時產生之負面效應，我們針對組織精簡後留任員工工作態度有無相關性，及員工的工作態度對工作績效的影響進行研究，藉以尋求確保員工工作績效可能的機制，以鞏固並提升部隊戰力，提供國軍爾後規劃之參考。

本研究係以國軍「精進案」─陸軍兵科學校精簡整併案之志願役軍職及聘雇人員為研究對象，並以實證研究的方法─採問卷調查量化之方式，進行資料蒐集與統計分析，研究結果顯示；

一、 兵科學校組織精簡原因對兵科學校員工的態度和工作績效之關係中，顯示”國防政策要求”為其最高的精簡原因認定，在精簡組織同時亦要調整簡化組織作業流程與業務職掌，使組織扁平化，發揮組織效能，提升員工工作績效。

二、 兵科學校組織精簡原因對兵科學校員工的態度和工作績效之關係中，就工作績效而言，高階軍官均重視在精簡原因中的整合兵科學校，普遍認為兵科學校整併後的兵科專業特性難以維持，進而影響工作績效，另受工作表現有影響晉升、受終身俸、考績獎金等誘因影響，普遍工作績效較佳。

三、 兵科學校組織精簡方法對兵科學校員工的態度和工作績效之關係中，兵科學校的員工認為在兵科學校整併後，最希望得到被其精簡的方法是以安排轉任其他軍方單位為主，畢竟職業軍人所嚮往的是份穩定的工作，同時平順安穩的拿到終生俸，因此三所兵科學校被精簡的人員，對於繼續留任於其他軍方單位是他們所引頸盼望的。

四、 兵科學校的員工個人變項對員工態度和工作績效的關聯性中，年齡層越高、年資越久，背景為官校的人員，工作績效表現越好，離職傾向越低；反之離職傾向較高的族群為年齡及服務年資越短的，但由於軍人待遇福利普遍比外面社會工作佳，且景氣不佳與工作競爭有相對關係。

關鍵字

兵科學校 ； 工作績效 ； 組織精簡

並列摘要

The army follows the government’s policy of organization reformation to promote the military downsizing – a reengineering of the army organization. The demand of organizational delayering and the spirits of the reproduction of improved organization are to be expected for promoting the training effect of the whole army and strengthening the fighting capacity. However, by reviewing the researches about the organizational downsizing and mergence, we found that personnel were suffered from the pressure of uncertainty, anxiety, and even the crisis of facing separation from service or unemployment, and thus influenced the working performance.

When considering about how to eliminate the negative effects caused by the organizational reformation, we study on the relativity of organizational downsizing and the working attitude of personnel remaining in office, and also on the working performance influenced by their working attitude. With these studies, we hope to find the possible mechanism to ensure the personnel’s working performance, and therefore strengthen and promote the fighting capacity of the armed forces as a reference of future planning.

This research takes the military and hired personnel under the influence of organizational downsizing – the mergence of the Army military schools as learning target. We conduct the data collection and statistical analysis with the method of verified research – the quantized questionnaire survey. The research results show that:
1. In the discussion of the relationship of the personnel’s working attitude and working performance to the reason of organizational downsizing of the Army military schools, it shows that “the demand of national defense’s policy” is the most important factor. For increasing the efficiency of the organization and the working performance of the personnel, we should adjust the flow of operation and the responsibility of each position to delayering the organization during the process of the organizational downsizing.
2. In the discussion of relationship of the personnel’s working attitude and working performance to the reason of organizational downsizing of the Army military schools, the high-ranking offices lay their emphasis on the mergence of the Army military schools among the reasons of the organizational downsizing. They generally think that it is very hard to preserve their profession and thus affect the working performance. However, some reasons, such as promotion, salary for life, and premium pay, will still push them to work harder.
3. In the discussion of relationship of the personnel’s working attitude and working performance to the reason of organizational downsizing of the Army military schools, being transferred to other military departments is the result that the personnel of the schools hope the most. It is because that all the military personnel are looking forward to a stable working opportunity and receive a salary for life, keeping working in the military is definitely a expected result for those working in the three schools previously.
4. In the discussion of the relationship between working attitude and working performance to the personnel profile, elder personnel with a seniority of more years and an educational background of military academy will have a better performance and show a lower tendency to quit their job; in contrast, younger personnel with a seniority of fewer years show a higher tendency to quit their job. However, since the salary and benefit in the military are generally better than those outside, the tendency will be decreased. Also, the tendency is related to the economic environment and the working competition.

並列關鍵字

organizational downsizing ； the mergence of the Army military schools ； Working Performance

參考文獻

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