臺灣銀行業者進入中國村鎮銀行機會與挑戰

Opportunities and Challenges to Taiwan Banks entering the Market of the Rural Banks in China

陳清益(chen chin yee)

指導教授 ： 李詩政

元智大學/管理學院/管理碩士在職專班/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2013.00064

摘要

2009 年 11 月 16 日，簽定兩岸金融監理備忘錄(MOU)，2010年11月5日開始生效，國內銀行業者加速在大陸市場佈局；而 2006 年底中國大陸開放設置村鎮銀行、貸款公司和農村資金互助社等新型農村金融機構，加上目前中國十二五規劃下城鎮化與農村經濟發展，似乎給予臺灣銀行業者除了設立分行、子行及參股投資等三方式外，提供另一個進入大陸市場的管道。
目前大陸農村地區銀行業金融機構覆蓋率低、競爭不充分、金融供給及金融服務不足等問題，需進行改革創新尚多，村鎮銀行設立或者可以解決上述問題，但由於村鎮銀行在建立及發展中還存在一些新的問題，仍需要時間的累積經驗與摸索以後一一克服。
所以臺灣銀行業者在進入中國大陸村鎮銀行市場之前，必須仔細評估自身的優勢與機會，以及可能碰到的劣勢與威脅，參考現行村鎮銀行設立上利弊得失，作為借鏡，以期在中國大陸市場創造出另一個藍海，並共同創造兩岸雙贏的局面。

關鍵字

中國大陸及外資金融業之現況 ； 中國農村金融體系概況 ； 大陸「十二五」計畫之規劃

並列摘要

The interactions between the banking and finance sectors across Taiwan Strait are getting more often and closer ever since the MOU, Memorandum of Understanding, entered between the banking and finance sectors across Taiwan Strait as a result of multiple time negotiations, set forth on November 16, 2009; many Taiwan domestic banks expedite in launching the banking strategy for China market and penetrate into China markets in three ways – establishing branches or sub-branches, and investing in local banks; besides, in view of that facts that in late 2006 China banking authority relaxed the access of establishing new types of rural banking institutions namely: rural banks, lending companies, and rural mutual cooperatives; and under China’s 12th Five Year Plan encouraging business rural localization and rural economy development, Taiwan banks seemly enjoy an additional channel to penetrate into China markets – that is the access to establishing rural banks. To an overview on the current rural banking policy in China, China is endeavoring to reach the goal of increasing the farmers income by having the banking and finance system support “Three Subsidies”, and major world famed foreign capital banks are aggressively penetrating China markets by implementing the strategy of “Enriching the cities from the rural areas” and having a share in China’s rural banking and finance system.
The current scenarios of China market show a low coverage rate of rural banking and finance institutions, inadequate competition, and inadequacy in financial supply and banking services in rural China, and large room for improvement and innovation, such as barriers in loan against collateral, securing practice, capital market, and the urgent demand of established finance regulatory system, etc. Rural banking problems have long being persisted in China and demanding appropriate interventions form the authorities; establishing rural banks perhaps can address the said problems, however, it takes time to address some new challenges arising in the course of establishing and developing the rural banks, after all the factual experiences and exploring of rural banks are time consuming.
Therefore, before penetrating into China rural bank markets, Taiwan banks absolutely need to stringently evaluate the own competing strengths and opportunities and also the foreseeable weakness and threats; in addition, Taiwan banks rely largely on the banking regulatory authorities across Taiwan Strait to maintain stable and regular communications and exchanges on jointly exploring and finding solutions of the problems and issues in banking regulatory area and the regulatory policies to answer the possible crisis or risks, also to establish the cross-strait currency settlement system for ensuring the healthy development of banking and finance markets across the strait and creating the win-win situations jointly.

並列關鍵字

Current status of China’s and foreign capital banking sectors in China ； Overview of China’s rural banking and finance system ； China’s “Twelfth Five Year” Plan

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