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  • 學位論文

接受居家服務老人生活品質及其相關因素探討

The quality of life and the related factors in elders who obtain home services

指導教授 : 邱啟潤
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摘要


接受居家服務老人,大多數為失能或有健康問題者,而居家服務是否能滿足老人的需求,確切提供適當的服務?顧及老人生理、心理、社會等方面之需求,值得深入探究?故本研究的目的在探討接受居家服務老人的社會人口學特質、健康情形及其接受居家服務情形與生活品質的相關性。採橫斷式相關性研究設計,以高雄市社會局委託辦理之居家服務支援中心,收案管理已滿2個月的65歲及以上老人為取樣對象,共收案132位。研究工具採結構式問卷,內容包括:基本資料、疾病種類、身體功能、日常活動能力量表、接受居家服務期間、每月接受服務總時數及服務項目、台灣簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質量表。量表以專家效度、內容效度、表面效度、預測效度、項目分析、內在一致性信度檢定。所得資料以描述性及推論性統計進行分析。 研究結果發現(1)接受居家服務老人整體生活品質得分,平均值(標準差)40.98(9.11)分,得分指標為51.23分,其四個分範疇的得分指標由高到低依序為,社會關係範疇、環境範疇、心理範疇、生理健康範疇。(2)教育程度、社會福利身份別、身心殘障身份,在整體生活品質得分有顯著差異。(3)整體生活品質愈佳者,其罹患疾病數與接受服務項目數愈少,視力、睡眠、小便控制、腸功能、日常活動能力情況也愈好,且年齡較大。(4)日常活動能力、睡眠、身心殘障身份、視力、社會福利身份別、年齡,是整體生活品質顯著地預測變數,可解釋整體生活品質總變異數的45.6%。 接受居家服務的老人,若能加強復健工作,強化輔具等設備,將可維持或增加其活動的能力,以減低功能障礙所造成的限制,且建議未來規劃老人服務時,應整合社政與衛政,才能真正提昇老人生活品質;否則,居家服務雖對老人生活上有所協助,但卻無法真正提升老人生活品質。

並列摘要


Abstract Most of the elders obtain home services were functional disturbances or unhealthy. But how to provide satisfied or appropriate services in the physical, psychological, and social needs for the elders ? The purpose of this study was to explore the quality of life and the related factors in elders who obtain home services. The study was a cross-sectional and correctional design. In this sampling, 132 elders, aged 65 or over, obtain home services for two months or more, from the institutions of home serviced. In this study, the institutions of home serviced were recruited by the Department of Social Affairs (DSA) in Kaohsiung city. A constructed questionnaires included the socio-demographic variable, disease variables, Physical Function Scale, Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL), the duration and hour and service items of obtain home services variable, and World Health Organization — BREF Taiwan (WHO — BREF Taiwan). The questionnaire was tested for its reliability and the validity, including expert validity, content validity, face validity, predictive validity, item analysis, and internal consistency. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistic. The results showed: (1). The mean score of overall quality of life was 40.98, standardized deviation was 9.11, and index of mean score was 51.23. After the standardization by the index of mean score, four domain for measuring quality of life were, in the descending order, "social relationships domain," "environment domain," "psychological domain, "and "physical health domain. "(2). Educational level, socioeconomic status and damage identity were significantly different in quality of life. (3). The higher quality of life the elders had, the less of disease and home services they got, and the better of sight, sleep, urine to control, intestine function of fine, age of old, and ADL of fine were. (4).ADL, sleep, psychiatric disable identity, sight, socioeconomic status, and age were the significant predictors in overall quality of life, and accounted for 45.6% of the total amount of variance. Reinforcing rehabilitation of elders would increase or maintain their general well-being. More co-operations between the Department of Social Affairs and Health are needed in order to increase the quality of life among elders. Key word: quality of life health status home services

並列關鍵字

quality of life health status home services

參考文獻


一、中文部份:
于漱、余幸宜、李蘭(2002)?老人受虐與暴力問題-法律政策面與實務面之探討?護理雜誌,49(6),26-33。
王麗春、藍忠孚(1996)?SF-36量表在台北市老人健康狀況調查之效度研究?未發表的碩士論文,台北:國立陽明大學。
王增勇(1997)?殘補式或普及式福利-台北市居家照顧政策的抉擇?
社區發展季刊,80,213-232。

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