恆春皂莢 (Gleditsia rolfei Vidal.)又名台灣皂莢 (G. formosana Hay.) 或華南皂莢 [Gleditsia fera (Lour.) Merr.],隸屬於豆科 (Fabaceae) 皂莢屬 (Gleditsia),分布於菲律賓、蘇拉威西島以及台灣的恆春半島,是皂莢屬中唯一分布在台灣的物種;在查閱過去文獻時,詳細歸納整理後發現皂莢屬植物富含有黃酮類以及三萜皂苷類,且大部分的三萜皂苷化合物皆展現出具有潛力的細胞毒殺活性效果;而在《台灣中藥典》中更紀錄基源植物為皂莢 (G. sinensis) 的三味中藥,藥用分別此種植物的果莢 (皂角)、不育果莢 (豬牙皂) 以及棘刺 (皂角刺),也有相當多的論文針對其酒精萃取物進行藥理機轉的研究,例如:抗發炎、細胞毒殺以及抗病毒活性。 由於過去文獻中沒有相關文獻針對G. rolfei進行成分分析與活性研究,故本次研究即以G. rolfei為研究題材進行研究,在實驗初期,參考過去文獻之活性研究使用甲醇進行萃取並以萃取進行初步分離,而後將分配萃取得出的樣品進行分配萃取層的活性測試,包含細胞毒殺、抗發炎、抗流感、抗脂肪肝以及Nrf2活性試驗,甲醇層因具有顯著的抗流感效果,故本篇研究針對甲醇層進行成分分析研究。 本次研究從G. rolfei中分離出6個新的醯化黃酮皂苷類化合物rolfeosides A‒F (1‒6) 以及16個已知的化合物 7‒22,針對rolfeosides A‒F (1‒6) 進行活性測試,4展現出顯著的抗流感活性 (IC50 = 8.2 μM),1以及6則具有潛在的抗流感能力 (IC50 = 28.3, 32.4 μM)。
Gleditsia rolfei Vidal. also known as G. formosana Hay. or G. fera (Lour.) Merr., is belonging to Fabaceae family, and Gleditsia genus. It’s distributed in Phillipines, Sulawesi, also in Hengchun peninsula, Taiwan. In previous studies, plants of Gleditsia genus are rich in flavonoids and triterpeneoid glycosides. the triterpenoid glycosides isolated from Gleditsia genus always exhibited potent cytotoxic activities. In Taiwan harbal Phamacopiea, fruits (Gleditsiae Fructus), anomalous fruits (Gleditsiae Abnormalis Fructus), and thorns (Gleditsiae Spina) of G. sinensis are recorded as traditional chinese medicine, also many paper study on mechenism of action about G. sinensis methanolic extract. However, there is no paper study on chemical constituents and biological activities of G. rolfei, so we were studying on methanolic extract of twigs and leaves of G. rolfei. First, four layers (hexanes, methanol, aqueous, and butanol layer) obtained by partitioned crude extract was submitted to screening bioactivities, such as cytotoxicity, anti-inflammation, anti-influenza (H7N9), anti-fatty liver disease, and Nrf2 activity. the methanol layer exhibited significant inhibition activity against H7N9 virus. In this study, here are 6 new acylated flavonoid glycosides, rolfeoside A‒F (1‒6), with 16 known compounds were isolated from methanolic extract of twigs and leaves of G. rolfei. Finally, 1‒6 have been submitted to NA inhibition assay, 4 showed significant activity (IC50 = 8.2 μM), 1 and 4 exhibited moderate activity (IC50 = 28.3, 32.4 μM).
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