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  • 學位論文

地方議會議長選舉制度之研究- 以臺南市議會議長選舉案為例

Electoral System of Local Council Speaker— A Case Study of the Election of Tainan City Council Speaker

指導教授 : 劉春初

摘要


直轄市及縣(市)議會是依地方制度法第54條第1項及地方立法機關組織準則第3條第1項規定行使地方制度法所賦予之職權,並依地方制度法第44條第1項及地方立法機關組織準則第11條第1項規定置議長、副議長各一人,由議會議員以投票分別互選或罷免之。議會主要職責是在監督市政及促進地方建設發展,因此議長是整個議會之領導中心,法律所賦予地方議會之職權是否充分發揮,有賴於議長的有效掌控與推動;議會議員間是否有效整合,有賴於議長的適度 協調與溝通;府會互動是否和諧積極,更有賴於議長的親身投入與影響;是故,議長選舉是全國注目焦點,攸關地方政黨勢力增減、重組及政治局勢變化之重要關鍵。(附錄三~四「地方制度法相關規定」) 近年來,每逢正、副議長改選期間在無記名投票制度下皆會有賄聲賄影之傳聞甚至亮票問題產生,鑒於2014年臺南市議會正、副議長選舉有賄選狀況,部份議員遭檢調約談調查,甚至議長遭判決當選無效定讞。鑒此,立法院遂提出「地方制度法第44條文修正案」,將直轄市、縣、市議會正副議長及鄉、鎮、市代表會正副主席選舉,由無記名投票改採記名投票。 本研究以臺南市議會選舉議長、副議長投票案為例,分析地方議會議長選舉實務運作過程中所產生之爭議現象,發現記名投票雖是民主改革的一大步,讓地方議會政治更公開透明,但記名投票並不必然能全然的防止賄選的發生,建議仍需建立更有效提名機制、議長保持中立及議事保持公開透明原,如此不僅可避免違法行為出現,又可彰顯政黨政治與責任政治,方能我國民主憲政發展歷程。

並列摘要


Special municipality and county/city council are authorities enforced in accordance with the Local Government Act Article 54(1) and the Local Legislative Organizational Guidelines Article 3(1). According to the Local Government Act Article 44(1) and the Local Legislative Organizational Guidelines Article 11(1), one speaker and one vice speaker are elected or recalled by councilors. Local council is responsible for supervising city government and promoting overall development. Speaker, as the leader, is in charge of facilitating the authorities of local council. The harmonious cooperation and effective communication between city government and among councilors rely heavily on speaker’s involvement and influence. Therefore, speaker’s election has drawn tremendous media attention around the island, serving as key indicators of rise and fall of local political parties. (Appendix 3-4: Regulations of Local Governmental System) Recently, there have been rumors regarding bribery or displaying secret ballots during the election of speaker and vice speaker. The 2014 election of Tainan City Council speaker and vice speaker was said to be involved with bribery and several city councilors were thus under investigation. What was worse, the speaker’s election was found invalid. Accordingly, the Legislative Yuan proposed “Amendment to Local Government Act Article 44,” which turns “secret ballot” to “open ballot” in election of chairperson and vice chairperson ranging from special municipality to local representatives. The research aims to analyze the controversy arising from the electoral system of local council speaker and vice speaker, exploring the controversial election of Tainan City Council speaker and vice speaker in 2014 as a case study. According to the studies, while open ballot could be considered a great leap in democracy by making local council “open and transparent,” it is not an effective means to curb bribery. With effective nomination system, speaker’s neutral status and transparency of council management, not only will party politics and politics of accountability gain momentum in constitutional democracy, but illegal dealings will be effectively eliminated.

參考文獻


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