目的:提升心理健康素養之效益包含可預防、早期鑑別與介入,以及減少與精神疾病相關的汙名化。本研究探討社區志工之老人心理健康素養為何,及其相關因素探討。方法:採用橫斷式調查研究設計,研究對象為台南市社區志工,共133人。以自填式問卷方式收集資料,問卷為授權翻譯之加拿大COMPAS心理健康素養問卷,包含心理疾患鑑別、罹病原因歸因、對治療與預後的態度、汙名化、促進心理健康的信念及心理健康知識。結果:社區志工對老人憂鬱之鑑別度高達92.0%,失智鑑別度僅72.3%。二元邏輯斯迴歸分析結果顯示,憂鬱鑑別度與受試者性別有關,女性受試者鑑別度顯著較佳(p<0.001,OR=22.97)。失智鑑別度與情境性別有關,男情境鑑別度為女情境的3.14倍(p<0.05,OR=0.32),大專以上相對於初中以下之鑑別度高(p<0.05,OR=5.33)。罹病原因為多重因素,受試者認為社會心理因素(71.40%)是憂鬱罹病原因,生物醫學(37.10%)和社會心理因素(50.10%)是失智罹病原因。受試者認為與朋友家人保持正向的人際關係(63.7%)及好的運動習慣(61.9%)是促進心理健康的方法。結論:因研究對象為社區志工,憂鬱鑑別度高、態度較正向,但女性失智易被誤認為憂鬱。受試者性別是憂鬱症鑑別度的影響因素,情境性別與教育程度是失智症的影響因素。罹病原因歸因與處理方法具相關性。
Objective: Enhanced mental health literacy is thought to confer a range of benefits: prevention, early recognition and intervention, and reduction of stigma associated with mental illness. To assess the community volunteers' elderly mental health literacy, and the related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey. The sample of 133 individuals. Using self-administered questionnaires to collect data, questionnaire for authorized translation of the COMPAS in Canada. The questionnaire includes recognition of mental disorders; attribution of causes; attitudes of treatments, and of prognosis; stigma; beliefs of promote mental health; mental health knowledge. Results: Community volunteers up to 92.0% for recognition of depression, but recognition of dementia is only 72.3%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that gender of subjects is a correlative factor of recognition of depression. Recognition of the female subjects is significantly better (p<0.001, OR=22.97). Gender of vignette is a correlative factor of recognition of dementia. Female of vignette is significantly poorer (p<0.05, OR=5.33), and the college is significantly better (p<0.05, OR=5.33). The multiple factors result in causes Psychological factors result in depression (71.40%), the biomedical (37.10%) and psychosocial factors (50.10%) result in dementia. Conclusion: The level of depression recognition of community volunteers’ is very good, and they have more positive attitude. The dementia vignette of women is often mistaken for depression. Gender of subjects is the impact factors of recognition of depression. Gender of vignette and the level of education is the impact factors of recognition of dementia. There is a correlation between attribution of causes and treatment methods. Maintain positive relationships with friends and family (63.7%), and good exercise habits (61.9%) is the promotion of mental health.
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