衛生教育對社區老年人用藥安全成效之前驅研究

The Effect of Health Education on Medication Safety for Community-Dwelling Elders: A Pilot Study

魏婉婷(Wan-Ting Wei)

指導教授 ： 莊昭華

長榮大學/健康科學學院/護理學系(所)/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2013.00239

摘要

研究背景：衛生教育為增進老年人用藥安全眾多方法之一，但其衛教結果對用藥安全知識、態度及行為的成效尚無定論。
研究目的：探討衛生教育對社區老年人用藥安全的成效。
研究對象：台南地區參與社區健康促進活動，能使用國、台語溝通的65歲含以上老年人。
研究方法：本研究採集束隨機試驗（cluster randomized trial, RCT）。利用集束隨機分派，將研究對象分為實驗組70人及對照組72人。研究對象分別於收案時及收案4週後，共接受二次問卷調查。實驗組於第一次問卷調查後，接受用藥安全衛生教育介入，對照組則無。
研究結果：研究對象主要為女性、已婚、65-74歲、教育程度以國高中居多。研究對象過去半年內西藥、中草藥和健康食品的盛行率為84.5％、23.2％，和66.9％。實驗組用藥安全知識平均分數由15.04提升至17.70；態度由66.10提升至72.44；行為由52.76提升至54.31。在控制干擾變項以後，接受衛教介入的老年人在用藥安全知識及態度上，有達統計學上顯著正向的成效，但用藥安全行為則無顯著正向的成效。
結論：用藥安全衛生教育介入後，能有效促進老年人用藥安全知識及態度，但是用藥安全行為的成效則有限。建議未來應加強老年人用藥安全行為的衛生教育，以減少老年人用藥的健康危害。

關鍵字

老年人 ； 用藥安全 ； 衛生教育 ； 成效

並列摘要

Background: Health education is one of methods for elders to promote the safety of medication usage, but the effect of health education was inconclusive.
Objective: To explore the effect of health education on medication safety for community-dwelling elders.
Subject: The community-dwelling elders with age 65 or over, speaking Chinese or Taiwanese participated in community health promotion activities in Tainan.
Method: This is a cluster randomized trial design. 70 and 72 participants were cluster randomized allocated into the experimental and control group. All participants received the first questionnaire survey at recruitment and the second survey at 4 weeks later. Participants in the experimental group got the intervention of the health education about medication safety, but those in the control group did not.
Result: Most of the participants were female, with marriage, aged 65-74, and junior or senior high school education level. In the past six months, the prevalence rate of western medicine, Chinese herbal medicine, and health food were 84.5%, 23.2% and 66.9%, especially. After the education intervention, the experimental group, the mean scores were from 15.04 increased to 17.70 in the knowledge of medication safety, from 66.10 increased to 72.44 in the attitudes, and from 52.76 increased to 54.31in the behavior of medication safety. After adjusted for confounding variables, the results show that the health education intervention had a significant and positive effect on the pre- and post-measurements of the participants’ knowledge and attitude, but not a significant positive effect on behavior of medication safety.
Conclusion: The effect of health education on medication safety for community-dwelling elders was significant positive effect on knowledge and attitude, but there was limited effect on behavior. In the future, we should strengthen the elder’s health education on the behavior of medication safety to prevent the health hazard.

並列關鍵字

elderly people ； medication safety ； health education ； effect

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