馬來西亞檳城福建話句末助詞研究

A Study of Sentence-Final Particles in Malaysia Penang Hokkien

林碧玉(Phaik-Gek Lim)

指導教授 ： 連金發

國立清華大學/人文社會學院/語言學研究所/碩士(2019年)

摘要

本文以馬來西亞北部的檳城福建話為主體，並以檳城福建話中常用的句末助詞為主要的研究對象。由於檳城福建話與當地多元語言的接觸相當頻密，因此除了保留一般閩南語中常見的句末助詞的使用，如「啦」、「咧」、「嗬」等，檳城福建話也不乏當地特殊的句末助詞的形成，如「了」、「莫」、「佫」等，甚至還借用了廣東話的句末助詞，如「咩」、「啩」等。
檳城福建話在閩南語的分支中別具一格，主要體現在與其他語言的借用及融合上。尤其，豐富的句末助詞，也讓檳城福建話富有「本土化」的特色。因此，本文通過當地的語料調查，整理並歸納出檳城福建話中句末助詞的語用表現。此外，本文也通過檳城福建話與當地多元語言，如華語、英語、馬來語和廣東話的接觸，進一步探討檳城福建話句末助詞在語言混用上的體現。

關鍵字

檳城福建話 ； 句末助詞 ； 語言接觸 ； 語言混用 ； 語言馬賽克

並列摘要

Penang Hokkien is a variant of Southern Min which can be found in the north of Malaysia. Due to the prolong-ed and frequent interactions with local languages, a number of unique sentence-final particles such as ‘ma1’, ‘mai5’, ‘koh7’ have been formed in Penang Hokkien instead of sentence final particles such as ‘la3’, ‘le1’, ‘honn2’which are commonly found in original Southern Min. However, the usage of sentence final particles of original Southern Min in Penang Hokkien might differ from the original usage. Besides, Penang Hokkien has borrowed certain sentence final particles from Cantonese. This leads to distinctiveness of Penang Hokkien. In this case, we will study and figure out the usage of sentence final particles in Penang Hokkien based on the related research data.
　　Lastly, the aim of this study is also to explore more about the phenomenon of code-mixing of the sentence final particles in Penang Hokkien by the interaction between Penang Hokkien and other local languages such as Mandarin, Cantonese, English and Malay.

並列關鍵字

Penang Hokkien ； Sentence Final Particles ； Language Contact ； Code-mixing ； Language Integration

參考文獻

Dyer, Samuel. 1838. A vocabulary of the Hok-keen dialect as spoken in the county of Tsheang-tshew. Malacca: Anglo-Chinese College Press.

Chan, Leok-Har. 1982. A study of information structure and sentence mood in Hokkien syntax. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Hawaii.

Li, Boya. 2006. Chinese final particles and the syntax of the periphery. Ph.D. Dissertation, Leiden University.

Lien, Chinfa. 1988. Taiwanese sentence-final particles, in Robert L. Cheng and Shuanfan Huang (eds.), The structure of Taiwanese: A modern synthesis. Taipei: The Crane Publishing Co., Ltd.

Lin, Shuang-Fu. 1975. The grammar of disjunctive question. Taipei: Taiwan Students Books.