「看見一個人」：藝術實踐在中國的困境與實作

"Seeing a Person":The Dilemma and Implement of Art Practice in China

歐世安(Shih-An Ou)

指導教授 ： 古明君

國立清華大學/人文社會學院/社會學研究所/碩士(2021年)

摘要

在中國當藝術與社會議題產生關係時，藝術工作者以「藝術實踐」指稱這樣的行動。藝術實踐面對威權政體時會有什麼狀況？處在非主流藝術圈中又是以什麼樣的方式獲取資本持續藝術實踐的行動？對於藝術工作者而言，藝術實踐帶來的價值是什麼？他們是如何詮釋藝術實踐？藝術實踐在中國社會實作會遭遇什麼狀況？面對困境時藝術工作者如何處理？藝術實踐又為藝術與社會產生互動帶來什麼樣的啟發？透過參與觀察從事藝術實踐的藝術工作者的日常生活、藝術計劃、策展⋯⋯等等不同情況，以及深度訪談19位藝術工作者後，發現藝術實踐面臨中國的威權政體的壓力，產生不僅止於衝突的互動關係更有合作與中立的可能，面對無法進入主流藝術圈的市場機制獲取資本而產生的經濟焦慮，外加上威權政體控制所有資源的情況下，政治與經濟的動態互動使得藝術實踐處在邊緣的位置。然而藝術工作者認為藝術實踐的價值在於找到自我與社會的位置，透過理性與感性兼具的工作方式「逆向」地做一場文化運動，藉由藝術實踐在中國的處境推及人與社會互動時的關係，以及一個人要如何找尋自身在社會的處境與位置，「看見一個人」在社會結構的遭遇與處境以及個體的獨特。

關鍵字

藝術實踐 ； 文化運動 ； 藝術介入 ； 歧義 ； 左翼美術

並列摘要

Abstract
When art has a relationship with social issues in China, artists refer to such actions as "Art Practice." What will happen when Art Practice facing authoritarian regimes? Art practice in the place as outsider art. How does the artists obtain capital and continue to do Art Practice? What is the value of Art Practice for artists? How do they interpret Art Practice? What is the situation doing Art Practice in Chinese society? How do artists deal with difficulties? What kind of inspiration does Art Practice bring to the interaction between art and society? Through Participant observation of artists’ daily life, curating or doing Art Practice, etc. And in-depth interviews with 19 artists, founding that Art Practice is under pressure from China’s authoritarian regime. It is possible to produce new relationships with authoritarian regime. That not only conflict, but also cooperation and neutrality. Art practice faces the economic anxiety caused by the inability to enter market mechanism of the mainstream art, and the authoritarian regime controls all resources. The dynamic interaction of politics and economy makes Art Practice marginal. However, artists believe that the value of Art Practice lies in finding a position between themselves and society. The artists “reversely” doing a cultural movement through a rational and emotional working method. Through Art Practice in China, showing the relationship between people and society, and how a person can find his or her own situation and position in society, "seeing a person" in the social structure and the uniqueness of the individual.

並列關鍵字

Art Practice ； Cultural movement ； Art intervention ； Disagreement ； Left wing art

參考文獻

參考資料

書籍

Bishop, Claire著，林宏濤譯，2015，《人造地獄：參與式藝術與觀看者政治學》。台北：典藏藝術家庭。（Bishop, Claire, 2012, Artificial Hells: Participatory Art and the Politics of Spectatorship. London: Verso Books.）。

Bourriaud, Nicolas著、黃建宏譯，2013，《關係美學》。北京：金城。（Bourriaud, Nicolas, 1998, Esthétiqu relationnelle. Dijon: Presses du reel.）。

Hall, Stuart and Tony Jefferson 編、孟登迎、胡疆鋒、王蕙譯，2006，《通過儀式抵抗：戰後英國的青年亞文化》北京：中國青年出版社。(Hall, Stuart and Tony Jefferson, eds., 1975, Resistance through rituals: Youth subcultures in post-war Britain. London : Routledge.)