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  • 學位論文

以論證倫理學證立私有財產權

Justifying Private Property through Argumentation Ethics

指導教授 : 黃居正

摘要


私有財產的制度淵源流長,作為人類文明的基礎之一至今影響著整個社會。關於財產權的規範意義向來充滿各式立場的論述,其中就包括霍普在二十世紀末提出的、結合了哲學領域的語用學轉向與自由意志主義政治實踐的精神的論證倫理學。論證倫理學旨在建立一套先驗有效且價值無涉的倫理規範,這些規範的有效性是就人類行動學與邏輯學的意義而言的,其內容則被描述為對私有財產權的絕對擁護。論證倫理學證成了包括(1)論證的先驗性,(2)自我所有權原則,(3)原始占有原則,(4)互不侵犯原則在內的諸命題和原理。通過將論證倫理學與其理論淵源之一的論辯倫理學作比較分析,可知哈伯瑪斯、阿佩爾和霍普三人在認識論、方法論、(作為結論之一的)論證規則和倫理規範的性質上,有著程度不一的不同的立場。作為論證倫理學的細節補充,霍普提出了先來後到在倫理上的重要性;本文亦對術語“物理的完整性”提出思考。考慮到論證倫理學的應用問題,霍普提出了全面私有化原理;本文亦指出了在司法實踐領域中可能帶給此倫理學的啟發和回應。

並列摘要


As one of the foundations of civilization, the institute of private property has a long history affecting every part of human society. There has been plenty of normative theories regarding property rights all along, one of which is Hoppe’s Argumentation Ethics. Combining the Pragmatic Turn of philosophy and the spirit of modern Libertarian movements, this Ethics argumentatively and value-freely justified the validities of propositions of (1) the a priori of argumentation, (2) the right of self-ownership, (3) the principle of original appropriation, and (4) the principle of nonaggression. Comparing with Habermas and Apel, Hoppe more or less holds some unique positions on Epistemology and Methodology, and attitudes to the rules of argument itself and the natures of ethical norms. Then, as the additions of Hoppian ethics, it can be helpful to introduce thoughts about the phrase of physical integrity and the difference between early-comer and late-comer. Last but not least, the Rationale for Total Privatization may be an application of private property norms, while inspiring responses and warnings from judicial practices are showing more possibilities.

參考文獻


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