應用功率半導體模組建構之實驗型微電網系統

DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL MICRO-GRID SYSTEM USING POWER SEMICONDUCTOR MODULES

陳建豪(Chien-Hao Chen)

指導教授 ： 廖聰明

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本論文旨在開發一使用兩個 IGBT 功率模組建構之實驗型微電網系統。其中一功率模組用以組立一單相三線式220V/110V 負載變頻器，第二模組之三個臂分別安排建構主電源之升壓型轉換器與多種儲能設備之介面轉換器。 首先，主電源如太陽能電池、燃料電池或開關式磁阻發電機經單象限直流/直流升壓型轉換器建立400V 之共同直流匯流排。超電容組與電池組分別經由雙向直流/直流轉換器介接至共同直流匯流排以從事充放電操作。所有直流/直流轉換器皆採行簡易強健控制以得到良好調節及強健之直流輸出電壓。 最後，建構後級單相三線式負載變頻器，由400V直流匯流排電壓轉換輸出220V/110V之單相交流電壓。在電路架構上，由IGBT模組之兩外臂提供220V電壓輸出，而兩組110V輸出之平衡係由中間臂之切換維持。在控制方面，本文提出一主差模控制器及一僕共模控制器，以從事220V與110V輸出電壓波形之控制。並提出一簡單強健控制，使變頻器於系統參數變動及未知非線性負載下具有良好之110V/220V輸出弦波電壓波形。所建微電網系統之操作控制將適當安排，並以一些實測結果驗證其整體系統操控性能。

關鍵字

微電網 ； 直流/直流轉換器 ； 變頻器 ； 單相三線 ； 交流波形控制 ； 強健控制 ； 數位控制 ； 非線性負載 ； 儲能系統 ； 電池 ； 超級電容

並列摘要

This thesis presents the development of an experimental micro-grid system using two insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules. While a module is employed to
construct a single-phase three-wire (1P3W) 220/110V inverter, the legs in another module are arranged to form the main source voltage boosting converter and the interfacing converters for various energy storage devices.
First, the 400V common DC grid is established by a single-quadrant DC/DC boost converter from the main source, such as photovoltaic cell, fuel cell, or switched-reluctance generator. Then a supercapacitor bank and a battery bank are respectively interfaced to the common DC grid via its bi-directional DC/DC converter for making discharging and charging works. The simple robust control is applied to yield well-regulated and robust DC output voltages of all DC-DC converters.
Finally, a followed 1P3W inverter is developed to yield 220V/110V AC outputs from the 400V DC grid. In schematic configuration, the outer two legs of an IGBT module are
arranged to produce the 220V-voltage output, and the remaining center leg is in charge of switching control to yield two balanced 110V-voltage outputs. In control aspect, a master and a slave control schemes are proposed to respectively handle the 220V and 110V output waveform controls. The simple robust control approach is proposed to yield good inverter sinusoidal 110V/220V output waveforms under varied system parameters and unknown nonlinear loads. The system operation control of the developed micro-grid system is properly arranged. And the whole system operating performance is assessed experimentally.

並列關鍵字

Micro-grid ； DC/DC converter ； inverter ； single-phase three-wire ； AC waveform ； robust control ； digital control ； nonlinear load ； energy storage system ； battery ； supercapacitor

參考文獻

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A. Distributed Power and Micro-Grid Systems

[1] H. Kakigano, Y. Miura, T. Ise and R. Uchida, “DC Micro-grid for super high quality distribution-system configuration and control of distributed generations and energy storage devices,” in Proc. IEEE PESC, 2006, pp. 1-7.

[2] P. Biczel, “Power electronic converters in DC microgrid,” in Proc. IEEE CPE, 2007, pp. 1-6.