戰爭是唐代翰林學士政治表現突出的關鍵原因,其政治地位變化,是由德宗、憲宗朝「建藩」的時代需要所決定的。唐廷作為「天下共主」,必須維繫中央與藩鎮的合作關係,確保唐廷作為合法政權的統治地位。在試圖重建帝國權威的同時,唐廷也必須消除割據勢力對中央所造成的威脅。這一時期翰林學士作為皇帝與藩臣之間的溝通橋樑,其政治職能是相當明顯的。為了使學士院作為處理朝藩事務關係的機構,憲宗對學士院進行了一系列的改革措施。本文主要探究此項制度改革的時代背景,以及其中的兩大舉措:一、書詔印的設置;二、翰林學士承旨的設置,如何造成翰林學士政治地位的提高,了解削藩政策對翰林學士政治權位所構成的影響。書詔印的設置,加強了翰林學士的書詔權,使其在原有的權限以外,代行中書舍人草擬詔書的職務。政務性批答的增加,改變了翰林學士參預政治的方式,使之獲得議政主動權。另一方面,學士承旨之正式設置,也與削藩政策存在聯繫。在憲宗朝積極落實建藩政策的主導思想下,學士承旨的職務內容、議政方式均與宰相發生相互交涉之情形。以學士承旨作為宰相備選之慣例,改變了翰林學士的政治前途。
Hanlin Scholars of the Tang dynasty play a vital role during the war against provincial governments. The dominating factor which changes their political status was attained by the court's policy to confront regional military power, as advocated by Emperor De zong 德宗and his later successor, Xian zong 憲宗. As the leader of many provincial governors, the efforts are to ensure the reign of Tang as the supremacy, as well as to eliminate potential threats towards the court. Throughout the process of taming the rebels, Hanlin Scholars were well recognized as a group of devoted messenger between the emperor and provincial governors. To consolidate the political role of Hanlin Scholars on this, Xian zong implements several revolutionary acts, which thought to eventually lead to the institutionalization of the Hanlin Academy, resulting in a permanent change of the political status of those officers. Thus, this thesis concentrates on the implementation of two of the reforms taken. These include, first of all, the establishment of the official stamp for edict書詔印and secondly, the Dean of Hanlin Academy 學士承旨 to study how they contribute to the elevated political status and power of Hanlin Scholars respectively. Establishment of the official stamp for edict, giving Hanlin Scholars the power in drafting official documents on behalf of the Imperial Secretariat zhongshu sheren 中書舍人. The increasing numbers of official letters circulating between the emperor and provincial governors also enable Hanlin Scholars to gain decisive power in the central court. In conjunction with that, the establishment of Dean of Hanlin Academy, make them the perfect substitute for prime ministers, by the means of similarities shown between the two in terms of working scope and political participation. The high tendency of Hanlin Scholars to be promoted as the prominent leader by the court, pressured by the political needs back then, change their political status in returns.
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