- 學位論文
高效能數位控制直流電壓產生器具暫態加速功能於動態類比數位轉換區間
A High-Efficiency Digitally-Controlled Switching Converter with Tracking Speed Enhancement for Windowed ADC Usage
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摘要
近年來隨著能源問題逐漸受到重視，應用在電源管理的電路研究也越來越重要，例如：手機、PDA…等。因應不同模式的需要切換電壓，藉以達到節省能源的目的。而隨著電子產品縮小化的趨勢，產品中的電源供應系統也朝著縮小設計面積與移除被動元件的方向前進，有兩種主要的方式達到這兩個方向：提高轉換頻率與數位化實現電路。 目前控制器的架構大都是以類比電路的方式去完成，主要是控制變數都是類比訊號，將信號直接處理。但是隨著系統效能管理需求日大，對於多種功能性的需求，類比訊號處理明顯不足，隨著增加的會是晶片面積提升以及電路設計的複雜度，可以預料地，在高速切換式電源轉換器應用，數位控制電路將會取代目前主流的類比控制器。數位實現電路具備的潛在優勢主要包含設計電路的靈活性，受控程序可控的特性，減少外在所需的調節元件，增進系統的可靠度，簡單化系統整合，並且能夠有效提升多種功能的效能。 在此論文中我們實現了一個可以運作在5MHz的高效能數位控制直流電壓產生器，使用一個低功耗低面積的動態類比數位轉換區間以及高解析度的數位脈衝寬度調變器，減少在數位控制電路中資料處理所需要的功耗來達成提高效能的目的。另外為了改善使用動態類比數位轉換區間不利於暫態鎖定速度的問題，我們提出了一個具有暫態加速功能的數位控制器，在最後量測的結果對於鎖定速度最多能夠有三倍的改善，而最高效能也能夠到達93.2%。
並列摘要
Voltage scaling is a technique for high energy-efficiency operation. However, the voltage scaling technique requires a adaptive power-supply regulator, which is difficult and complex to implement by analog control. Digitally controlled dc-dc converters inherently have the characteristics of flexibility, robust and programmable, but its efficiency may be lower because of power waste in mixed signal data conversion. This thesis demonstrates a complete design of a digitally controlled buck converter for dynamic voltage systems. The converter senses the voltage error by a windowed ADC which consumes less power than a conventional ADC. A nonlinear digital controller is proposed to improve the tracking performance. A power MOS width slicing technique further increase the power efficiency. This design is fabricated in a 0.18-um CMOS process. The chip area is 2.9mm^2. The switching frequency is 5 MHz. The measurement result shows the power efficiency can achieve 93% and the tracking behavior could be several times improved by the proposed nonlinear control.
參考文獻
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延伸閱讀
- 郭哲淵（2022）。應用於感測電路之數位低壓降線性穩壓器及連續漸進式類比數位轉換器〔碩士論文，淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0002-2302202215155500
- Tseng, C. Y. (2011). 應用於動態電壓轉換器中具動態追蹤計算及抖動預測調變之高效能數位控制器設計 [doctoral dissertation, National Tsing Hua University]. Airiti Library. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0016-0107201116082844
- 莊博欽（2008）。具有功率因數修正及減少待機耗能之數位控制交流-直流轉換器的研製〔碩士論文，國立臺北科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2008.00236
- Chen, L. P. (2015). A 10-bit Power-Efficient SAR ADC with Input-Range-Adaptive Switching DAC for Internet of Things [master's thesis, National Tsing Hua University]. Airiti Library. https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2015.00547
- 林立傑（2010）。Design and Implementation of Digital Controlled Double Forward Converter with Power Factor Corrector〔碩士論文，國立臺北科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2010.00079