中藥材麥門冬成分分析

摘要麥門冬 (Ophiopogon japonicus KER-GAWLER) 是百合科 (Liliaceae) 沿階草屬 (ophiopogon) 植物的乾燥根部，神農本草經列為上品，有養陰潤肺，清心除煩，益胃生津之功效。由國內外學者對麥門冬化學成分的研究可知：其內主要含saponins及homoisoflavonoids、精油和無機鹽類等。本研究以10公斤乾燥麥門冬用水提取，提取液以等量乙酸乙酯萃取，乙酸乙酯層保留；水提取後的麥門冬乾燥後粉碎，以95% 乙醇提取三次，並和水提取物之乙酸乙酯層合併，再取丙酮可溶部份以色層分析方法進行分離純化，得到11個純物質：經光譜分析鑑定8個為homoisoflavonoids，其中5個新的化合物命名為ophiopogonanone C (4)、ophiopogonanone D (5)、ophiopogonone C (6)、ophiopogonanone E (7)、ophiopogonanone F (8)；3個為文獻已報導，分別為6-aldehydo-isoophiopogonone A (1)、5,7,2’-trihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3’,4’-methylenedioxybenzyl)chromone (2) 和2’-hydroxy-methylophiopogonone A (3) ； 3個amide化合物，分別為E-p-coumaroyltyramine (9)、 E-feruloyltyramine (10)、E-p-coumaroyl-b-hydroxytyramine (11)。

關鍵字

色層分析；麥門冬

並列摘要

Abstract The root tubers of Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl (known as Maidong in China) is sweet with a slightly bitter aftertaste. It is recommended for latent heat in the lungs due to ‘yin’-asthenia, fever in consumptive disease or general debility, dehydration of febrile disease, and dry mouth1. Previous phytochemical studies of the root tubers derived from O. japonicus resulted in the isolation of homoisoflavonoids, saponins, and amides. In this study, we report on the isolation of five new homoisoflavonoids and six known compounds from the root tubers of O. japonicus. The dried root tubers of O. japonicus were extracted with boiling water to give water extract and residue. The residue was further refluxed with 95% EtOH to provide EtOH extract. The water extract was further extracted with EtOAc to give EtOAc-soluble portion. The EtOH extract and EtOAc-soluble portion were combined and then was subjected repeatedly to Si gel column, Sephadex LH-20 column, and PTLC to afford five new homoisoflavonoids ophiopogonanone C (1), ophiopogonanone D (2), ophiopogonone C (3), ophiopogonanone E (4) and ophiopogonanone F (5), three known homoisoflavonoids 6-aldehydo-isoophiopogonone A (6), 5,7,2’-trihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3’,4’-methylenedioxy-benzyl)chromone (7), and 2’-hydroxy-methylophiopogonone A (8), and three known amides, E-p-coumaroyltyramine (9), E-feruloyltyramine(10), and E-p-coumaroyl-b-hydroxytyramine (11).