隧道開挖滲流現象之模擬

The Numerical Simulation of Seepage Phenomenon of Excavations around Tunnel

曾琮愷(Tsung-Kai Tseng)

指導教授 ： 張德鑫

中原大學/工學院/土木工程研究所/碩士(2003年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200300004

摘要

臺灣西部之台地與山麓丘陵地多為卵礫土石所構成，然而有關卵礫石層之工程特性，並不若土壤與岩石般已有相當之研究成果可供參考。目前國家推動多項交通建設當中，部份工程需於卵礫石層中施工；因此卵礫石層之工程特性將是未來亟待研究之課題。
本研究之目的在應用三維地下水數值模式於八卦山隧道附近地下水流況之模擬。在數值模式之建立與求解方面，本研究利用美國楊百翰大學與美國陸軍水道工程試驗站所共同合作發展的GMS介面中之FEMWATER模組為主體，並將現場蒐集所得之相關水文地質參數一一輸入介面中，利用介面之圖形輸出功能建立一個符合現地自然狀態之概念與數值模式。數值模式建立完成後，需先求出最佳的地質及水文參數，使其儘可能接近模擬區域的真實狀態；待最佳參數選定後，再利用此三維數值模式進行隧道開挖情況之模擬。
本研究之數值模擬主要在針對隧道上方豎井開挖時其所需進行之地下水位降低措施，以及隧道開挖時的滲流量推估，模擬所得之結果可供施工之參考。

關鍵字

豎井開挖 ； 卵礫石 ； 滲流量

並列摘要

The tablelands and hills in the west of Taiwan are mostly composed of the gravel formation. In quantity, however, the research on constructional property of gravel is much less than it of rock and soil. Nowadays, most of government-driven communication engineering are built through the gravel formation. The engineering characteristics and mechanical behavior of the gravel formation consequently are a challenge to be dealt with.
The destination of this study is to apply 3D numerical model to groundwater simulations near Pakuashan tunnel. This study makes use of Groundwater Modeling System (GMS), co-developed by US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station (USGS) and Brigham Young University, to analyze groundwater problems. According to the geological drill data and the hydrological information around the simulation site, the model is made up of the graphic display options of GMS. After construction of meshes, in order to make the model more similar to the actual situations of simulation site, it’s necessary to find the most appropriate material parameters out. Only when they are decided, the 3D model could be used to carry the numerical simulations out precisely.
There are altogether two simulations in this study. One is the seepage phenomenon of excavations around the tunnel and the other is the deep well drainage system around the shaft. The results of this study might be an evaluating standard for the gravel tunnel excavations.

並列關鍵字

gravel formation ； seepage ； well drainage system around the shaft

參考文獻

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