隨著全球化貿易日益頻繁,供應鏈管理這個議題也就越燒越熱。而在這競爭激烈的時代,已不再像過去般的只是企業與企業之間的競爭,而是演變為供應鏈網路(Supply Chain Network)間的競爭。供應鏈的所有成員必須以整個供應鏈的利益為最優先考量,並使本身所處的供應鏈體系能同時兼顧「品質」、「速度」與「彈性」,才能提昇自己的競爭優勢。 各家企業都希望藉由有效的供應鏈管理來做到在正確的地方以及準確的時間將正確的數量與符合品質水準的產品送達顧客手中,而在這漫長、複雜、世界化的供應鏈中,往往產生物料及產品供需不協調,資訊扭曲、不全和延遲。在供應鏈中有一種常見的現象,此種現象稱之為「長鞭效應」(Bullwhip Effect)。本研究應用製造商管理銷售(Manufacturer Managed Sale;MMS)的方式來提高供應鏈成員的資訊分享,進而降低供應鏈的長鞭效應,減少存貨成本,並建構存貨成本模式及配合模擬程式的撰寫,並透過數值範例及敏感度分析來瞭解供應鏈中應用MMS 之價值及影響,並和供應商管理存貨(Vendor Managed Inventory;VMI)加以比較兩者間存貨成本的差異。
Due to increasing globalization, supply chain management has become a popular area of research. The issue of competition in the market place has evolved from between enterprises to between the supply chain networks. The global optimization of supply chain should be the main consideration. Supply chain competitiveness consists of high quality product, plus quick response time and flexibility. Efficient supply chain management enables enterprises to deliver their products at the right quantity, right place, right time and right quality. There is one phenomenon in the supply chain called “Bullwhip Effect” which happens when small changes of the demands downstream causes large fluctuation upstream. The closer to the upstream, the bigger the fluctuation. The objective of this study is to apply ( Manufacturer Managed Sale;MMS ) inventory cost model to improve supply chains information sharing, reduce the bullwhip effect, and minimize inventory cost. A simulation computer program is then developed. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are carried out to analyse and make comparison when MMS and (Vendor Managed Inventory;VMI) system are used.
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