水庫淤泥管路輸送主要損失研究

Study on Pipe Major Loss of Reservoir Sludge Transport

楊承學(Cheng-Hsueh Yang)

指導教授 ： 邱金火

中原大學/工學院/土木工程研究所/碩士(2003年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200300228

摘要

本文旨在探討管路抽送石門水庫淤泥之能量主要損失問題，因淤泥之流動型態已脫離牛頓流體之範疇，故需利用實驗找出淤泥之流變特性。首先以理論說明管式流變計之量測原理，並應用自製之管式流變計分析石門水庫淤泥之流變特性，並決定其流變參數，再分別以賓漢流體模式及冪定理流體模式來分析之。
實驗結果顯示，當以冪定理流體模式分析時，其稠度係數ｍ值會隨著淤泥濃度增加而增加，但流動指數ｎ值卻隨著淤泥濃度增加而減少。當以賓漢流體模式分析時，賓漢降服應力呈現負值現象，表示本實驗濃度不適用於賓漢流體模式分析。本文亦以牛頓流體之管路流動理論，推求賓漢流體模式及冪定理流體模式之管路流動理論關係式，包括速度分佈、流量，平均速度及主要損失，此結果可以用來做不同淤泥濃度之管路流動設計依據。

關鍵字

非牛頓流體 ； 主要損失 ； 管路輸送 ； 管式流變計 ； 濃度

並列摘要

This study researches the pipe major loss problem for sludge transport of Shi-Men reservoir. The flowing type of sludge does not belong to the categories of the Newtonian fluids. So, one need to make use of experiments to find out their rheological relations and rheological behaviors. Theoretical consideration of a capillary rheometer is presented, the sludge was analyzed by using the capillary rheometer to investigate the rheological properties, and determine the rheological parameters with Bingham model and Power law model .
The results of the experiment showed when the Power law model was applied to describe rheological properties of the sludge-water mixtures, the consistency index m in the Power law model increased with the increase of concentration, but the flow behavior index n decreased with the increase of concentration. When Bingham model was applied to describe rheological properties of the sludge-water mixtures, Bingham yield stress showed negative, it means the concentration of experiment was not suit to be analyzed with Bingham model. The theory of pipe flow in Newtonian fluid model was used to find out the pipe flow equation in Bingham model and Power law model, including velocity distribution, flow rate, mean velocity, and major loss. This results can be used in pipe design for different concentration of sludge transport.

並列關鍵字

non-newton fluid ； major loss ； pipe transport ； capillary rheometer ； concentration

參考文獻

11. Clayton T.Crowe,John A.Roberson and Donald F.Elger,“Engineering Fluid Mechanics,” John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 7th ed.,pp.403-418.

12. O’Brian,J.S.,and Julien, P.Y.,”Laboratory Analysis of Mudflow Properties.”Vol.114,No.8,pp.879-895,Journal of Hydraulic Engineering ,ASCE ,1998.

13. Huizinga, R. J.,”Verication of Vertical Rotating Flume Using Non-Newtonian Fluids.”Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol.122, No.8.,pp.456-459.,1996.

14. Major, J. J.,and Pierson, T.C.,”Debris Flow Rheology: Experimental Analysis of Fine-Grained Slurries.” Vol.28,No.3, pp.848-862.,1992.

16. Wang, Z., Larsen, P. and Xiang, W.,(1994), “Rheological Properties of Sediment Suspensions and Their implication,”Vol.32, No.4, pp. 498-505. Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR.