Fuzzy PID控制器於小型柴油燃燒機之應用

The Applications of Fuzzy PID Controller in the Minitype Diesel Burner

黎安華(Ann-Hwa Lee)

指導教授 ： 鄧治東

中原大學/工學院/機械工程研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200400020

摘要

摘 要
自動控制廣泛的被應用於各類燃燒機，目前大型工業爐所使用的燃燒設備，均以自動化控制，而小型燃燒機之中瓦斯燃燒機亦以自動化控制，但小型柴油燃燒機的自動化控制則仍停留於on-off開關控制或兩段、三段油量控制，本文藉實驗所探討的課題係將自動控制實際應用於小型柴油燃燒機。
本文所進行之實驗係採用Fuzzy PID（proportional-integral and derivative）控制器，該項設備乃接收自燃燒爐中量測溫度之電熱偶訊號，並藉此訊號以控制電動比例閥，而燃燒爐內的溫度被控制於所設定溫度並持續維持於此溫度範圍內，此經控制之柴油量使燃燒爐溫度達可控制的效果，如此般的控制迴路即可完成小型柴油燃燒機之自動控制作用。
本研究所探討之實驗係改變自動控制器中之各項參數（如P、I及D等值），藉此調整燃燒機噴油流量，而燃燒爐中於不同噴油流量情形下，所獲得爐內溫度之實驗結果，再以此結果所呈現爐內溫度之穩定性，判別此類自動控制參數之合宜性，探討結果顯示小型柴油燃燒機之自動控制參數，與大型燃燒機相關之自控參數，其間之差異甚大；舉例而言，小型柴油燃燒機之自動控制參數P值在100時仍呈現精準的控制，但大型燃燒機之P值則在10～50範圍內始具明顯之控制。

關鍵字

燃燒機 ； 控制

並列摘要

Abstract

The applications of automatic control technology are prevalent in a variety of burners, including the large-size industrial incinerators as well as the small-size gas burners. However, the latter still remain as on-off switch control or as two-stage/three-stage fuel control. This experimental study investigates application of automatic control technique to the real-world small-scale diesel burners.

The proposed experiments used the fuzzy PID（proportional-integral and derivative）controllers. The controllers received the output signals of thermocouples as a means to measure the temperature level inside the burner. Then these signals were used to control the electrically driven proportional valve. By doing so, temperature of the burner can be controlled and maintained at a pre-set range of temperature levels. Thus by controlling the amount of fuel supplied, the effect of temperature control of the burner can be achieved. In other words, the function of automatic control of the small-scale diesel burner can be carried out with this type of closed-loop control system.

In this study, parameters (such as P, I, and D) in the control system were changed to adjust the burner’s injection rates of the fuel. While under various fuel injection rates, the levels of temperature in the burners were obtained experimentally. The adequacy of the parameters for automatic control was judged by the stability of temperature levels shown in the burner.

The results obtained from this study indicate big differences between the automatic control parameters for the small-scale diesel burners and those for the large-scale incinerators. For example, precise control is still attainable for the small-scale diesel burners with the values of parameter P on the order of 100, but these values are in the range of 10~50 for the large-scale incinerators to be considered precise.

並列關鍵字

control ； burner

參考文獻

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