營建業一直被視為產業的『火車頭』,建築執照與使用執照的發照數又是經濟景氣循環的重要指標之一,而相關產業被歸納為純內需型的產業,產業易受景氣波動的影響,當總體經濟下滑時產業房價亦逐年下滑,因此,在總體經濟不景氣的情況下,營建業如何追求持續的生存與發展,一直是學者與經營者最關注的共同議題。 從台灣地區營建相關產業近十年的經營環境觀察,建築物建造執照總核發件數減少67%,樓地板面積亦減少68%,但營造業廠商家數,由民國八十二年的3,911家,增至民國九十一年的12,513家;以上資料顯示營建相關產業業務量減至三分之一,但家數激增三倍,可見產業競爭更加激烈,利潤逐漸下滑。在這種經營的困境中,營建相關產業的經營策略是當前所面臨嚴肅的課題。 本研究採用多重個案研究的方法,研究營建相關產業轉型的經營策略,從次級資料開始搜集,且同步進行產業特性分析,再進入研究個案的選擇,輔以實地訪談,最後進行分析及交叉比對,研究發現企業可經由內部成長多角化經營,以強化其競爭優勢、擴展營業項目或開發新市場空間,以確保其永續生存發展。最後,作者提供幾項具體建議提供業界參考。
The construction industry has always been regarded as the “engine” of the industrries. The number of construction license and utility license issued is one of the important economic indicators. Construction industry is typically categorized as an industry for domestic market only, which is subject to the influence of economic fluctuation. When the macroeconomy declined, the estate prices would drop gradually for several years. Thus how does the construction industry survive and develop through economic downturn has been a common topic of concern for both the scholars and the operators. In Taiwan, the number of construction license issued dropped by 67% and the floor space of total construction fell by 68% in the past decade. However the number of construction firms increased from 3,911 in 1993 to 12,513 in 2002. The data shows that the business volume shrank to one third, while the number of contractors rose to three folds, suggesting an intensely competitive industry and dwindling profits. In the face of such a predicament, the Strategies of management become a serious issue that construction industry needs to examine closely. This study employed multi-case study approach to examine the strategies for the transformation of the construction industry. The study began with secondary data gathering and industry analysis, followed by case study, field work, analysis and cross comparison. The study shows that a company can strengthen its competitive advantages, expand its business lines or develope new market by its internal growth and diversification to sustain its survival and continuing growth.