家族企業競爭優勢延續之研究

競爭優勢的延續對所有的成功企業而言都是重要的議題，但過去的學者僅針對企業在維持競爭優勢時會遇到的威脅及如何因應這些威脅作研究，然而針對在台灣非常普遍的家族企業如何延續其競爭優勢，卻缺乏相關的研究。本研究的結論將可以對現有的競爭優勢延續相關理論產生加值作用，也可作為家族企業經營者未來策略思考的依據。本研究採取個案研究法，並選取印刷電路板產業的單一個案公司，再以Ghemawat所提出之威脅企業競爭優勢的因素─模仿、替代、套牢及閒置為架構，逐一分析個案公司在面對競爭優勢威脅時的因應方式。並得到以下幾項研究結論：第一，家族企業特別需要遵守『法、理、情』的原則：家族企業的經營者在作決策時必需把『法』作為最高準則，並把涉及個人好惡的『情』放在最後，如此家族企業才可長可久。第二，家族企業應先認清自身的策略目標，當策略目標變動時應有相應的配套措施才能達成策略目標。第三，家族企業對客戶應投資於整合專屬性而非資產專屬性：當供應商投資於整合專屬性時，對於與買方建立關係及自身能耐的建構都有直接的影響。第四，家族企業需重視專業和績效，而非一味遵守終身雇用之原則：家族企業經營者需要格外注重專業經理人的專業和績效，不宜以經營者個人情感或好惡作為人力政策的依歸。第五，家族企業需有符合策略目標之績效評估系統，以激勵員工朝向組織的策略目標邁進，以提昇企業之經營績效。

關鍵字

家族企業；印刷電路板；競爭優勢延續

並列摘要

Strategy research is constantly concerned with how to create and sustain firm’s competitive advantage. However, the samples and units of analysis of prior researches mostly limited to general firms but lack of considerations of family corporations despite of its distinctive characteristics. Motivated by theoretical gap, the aim of this research is to explore how family corporation can sustain competitive advantage. Adopted a qualitative research method, this study purposely selected a family company in the printed circuit board industry. We explored how the company reacted to the threats when it wanted to sustain their competitive advantage. The conclusions are listed below: First, the CEO of a family business should obey the fair rule, and makes objective judgments so as to acquire sustainability. Second, the CEO of a family business should define the strategic goal through proper procedure. In case of environmental change, the proper procedure should be taken place to modify the goal. Third, family business should invest in synergistic specificity, not dedicated specificity. If a family business invests in synergistic specificity, they can not only build the relationship with customers, but also enhance their competence. Fourth, family business should stress the employees’ professional and performance rather than adopting lifetime employment. Fifth, family business should build an objective performance evaluation system with regards to strategic goal, inspiring employees to work toward the strategic goal so as to improve the productivity of the enterprise.

並列關鍵字

sustainability of competitive advantage ； family business ； printed circuit board

參考文獻

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家族企業競爭優勢延續之研究

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