The Ordered Probit模型之所得分配不均分析：以國際組織內國家比較為例

An Analysis of Income Inequality with the Ordered Probit Model: A Comparison of Countries of the International Organizations

蔡宛倢(Wan-Chieh Tsai)

指導教授 ： 陳若暉

中原大學/商學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200500182

摘要

經濟成長與所得分配不均的議題，隨經濟發展與全球化時代的來臨而漸受重視。本研究主要以吉尼係數作為衡量國家所得分配情況的基準，並將吉尼係數區分為四等級，運用Ordered Probit模型，分析樣本20個國家中，1993到2000年間造成貧富差距的影響因素；藉由邊際效果進一步探究當國家處於不同的所得分配程度狀態下，何者因素影響最為顯著。
研究結果顯示，出口獎勵措施與貧窮國家會對吉尼評等產生正向影響；而LAIA區域國家之所得分配不均情形較APEC和EU嚴重。邊際效果方面，出口獎勵措施對所得分配差距較小的國家易縮小其貧富差距，而對原本所得分配差距較大的國家，則容易拉大所得差距。另外，APEC和EU國家改善所得分配之情形較LAIA國家更有效率。

關鍵字

所得分配 ； 吉尼係數 ； Ordered Probit

並列摘要

Amount of literatures have emerged to detect the relationship between economic growth and income inequality with the path of economic development and globalization. Gini coefficient was adapted to measure inequality and classified into 4 levels. The ordered probit model was applied to conduct the analysis for income inequality, basing on 20 countries for the period from 1993 to 2000. Then the marginal effect was provided to examine the key elements that would influence the GINI rating changes.
The empirical results indicated that export incentives (EXC) and poverty countries (POV) would lead to positive impact on the GINI rating. EU and APEC have negative impact on GINI rating comparing to LAIA. Moreover, the marginal effect revealed that export incentives (EXC) would increase inequality for countries with higher inequality and reduce inequality for those with relative even income distribution. APEC an EU are with higher efficiency moving from inequality to equality comparing to those countries in LAIA.

並列關鍵字

ordered probit ； inequality ； Gini

參考文獻

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