天胡荽精油成分之研究與活性測試

Studies on the Essential Oil Constituent from the Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. and Biological Assays

周育寬(Yu-Kuan Chou)

指導教授 ： 謝博進

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200500590

摘要

天胡荽，Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.，屬於繖形科植物，為多年生草本，全台灣各地都有，生於田邊、水溝邊、村落附近、林下及濕潤草地及花盆中；喜多水潮濕的環境，忌乾旱和嚴寒。首先將天胡荽全草攪碎處理稱重後，進行水蒸氣蒸餾，經溶劑萃取、鹼處理、水洗與濃縮等步驟，得褐色中性精油。計算中性精油收油率為0.211%。
將天胡荽中性精油經液相管柱色層分析粗分，分成碳氫化合物和含氧化合物兩大部分；所佔全精油的比率，碳氫部分為28.32%，含氧部分71.64%。在利用管柱細分後加以純化，將純化物的物質、碳氫部分以及含氧部利用氣相層析儀-火燄離子偵測器(GC-FID)、氣相層析-質譜儀(GC-MS)、傅立葉轉換紅外光譜儀(FTIR)、核磁共振光譜儀(NMR)等儀器鑑定其化學成份，其中於碳氫化合物中確認了3-Carene , p-Cymene , p-Methyl-α-methylstyrene , Copaene , β-Elemene , β-Caryophyllene , α-Santalene , α-Bergamotene , α-Humulene , β-Farnesene , 2-Isopropenyl-4a,8-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7- octahydronaphthalene , β-Eudesmene , α-Selinene , β-Bisabolene , β-Sesquiphellandrene等成分，且於含氧化合物中確認了L-borneol, p-Cymen-8-ol, Geranial , p-menth-1-en-8-ol, Eucarvone , p-Cumic aldehyde , Phellandral , 2,5-dimethoxy p-cymene, p-Cymen-7-ol , Piperonal , Nerolidol , Farnesylacetone , Caryophyllene oxide , β-Ionone , Eudesm-7(11)-en-4-ol, Hexahydrofarnesylacetone , Phytol, 3-(4,8,12-Trimethyltridecyl) furan 6-Isopropenyl-4,8a-dimethyl- 1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-naphthalen-2-ol ,等三十四種成分。再取雷公根精油利用氣相層析-質譜儀比對及氣相層析儀-火燄離子偵測器添加同定確認了β-Linalool, Copaene , p-meth-1-en-8-ol , β-Elemene , Thjosene, β-Sesquiphellandrene , α-Caryophyllene , α-Humulene , β-Farnesene , Acoradien , β-Eudesmene , α-Selinene , Cuparene , Cadinene , Caryophyllene oxide , Phytol , Hexahydrofarnesylacetone , 1,5,5,8-tetramethyl-1,2-oxabicyclo[9,1,0]dodeca-3,7-diene等十九個成分。由確定的成分中比較天胡荽以及雷公根其相似成份。
將天胡荽及雷公根之全精油、含氧部份、Caryophyllene oxide 、 6-Isopropenyl-4,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-naphthalen-2-ol，進行皮癬病的黴菌測試，菌種有Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Epidermophyton floccosum, and Microsporum canis，發現到含氧部份具有較佳的抗黴菌效果。

關鍵字

天胡荽 ； 精油 ； 抗菌測試

並列摘要

Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. belong to Umbelliferae which is perennial herbaceous in Taiwan everywhere. It grow near the field and near the gutter. It like the place which is more wet, and hate the place which is hot and cold. The essential oil was extracted from the leaves of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. by steam distillation and solvent extraction. It was treated with base to remove acidic compounds.
The neutral essential oil was separated and purified by column chromatography. Thirty four compounds from the essential oil of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. which were identified by comparison of GC retention times , IR , GC/MS and NMR spectrum were compound 3-Carene , p-Cymene , p-Methyl-α-methylstyrene , Copaene , β-Elemene , β-Caryophyllene , α-Santalene , α-Bergamotene , α-Humulene , β-Farnesene , β-Eudesmene , α-Selinene , β-Bisabolene , L-borneol , 2-Isopropenyl-4a,8-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7- octahydronaphthalene , β-Sesquiphellandrene , p-Cymen-8-ol , p-menth-1-en-8-ol , Eucarvone , p-Cumic aldehyde , 2,5-dimethoxy p-cymene , β-Ionone , p-Cymen-7-ol , Piperonal , Nerolidol , Caryophyllene oxide , Geranial , Hexahydrofarnesylacetone , Farnesylacetone , Eudesm-7(11)-en-4-ol , 3-(4,8,12-Trimethyltridecyl) furan , Phytol, Phellandral , 6-Isopropenyl-4,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-naphthalen-2-ol. And , nineteen compounds from the essential oil of Centella asiatica (L.)Urb. dentified by comparison of GC retention times and GC/MS spectrum were compound β-Linalool , p-meth-1-en-8-ol , Copaene , β-Elemene , β-Sesquiphellandrene , α-Caryophyllene , Thjosene , Cadinene , Acoradien , α-Humulene , Alloaromadendrene , β-Farnesene , α-Selinene ,1,5,5,8-tetramethyl-1,2-oxabicyclo[9,1,0]dodeca-3,7-diene , β-Eudesmene , Cuparene , Caryophyllene oxide , Phytol , Hexahydrofarnesylacetone.
Then, we took the crude , oxygenated fraction of the essential oil of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. and Centella asiatica (L.)Urb. 6-Isopropenyl-4,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-naphthalen-2-ol ,Caryophyllene oxide to proceed the anti-fungal activities in vitro against dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Epidermophyton floccosum , and Microsporum canis. We found the oxygenated fraction of the essential oil have the better anti-fungal effect.

並列關鍵字

Essential oil ； Anti-mi ； Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.

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