考慮保存技術及品質改善非完美生產系統之存貨模式

Inventory models with an imperfect production system considering preservation technology and quality improvement investments

陳俐妘(Li-Yun Chen)

指導教授 ： 黃惠民

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201400430

摘要

一般而言，在生產過程中瑕疵品的產生無法避免，造成產生瑕疵的原因有很多，從投入的原料品質、老舊的生產設備、操作人員的熟練度等等，皆會直接影響到產品產出的品質進而影響整體生產成本。近年隨著經濟快速發展，全球對原物料需求大增導致原物料短缺以及價格上漲，讓企業的生產營運成本大增。因此，針對損耗性商品之非完美生產系統，製造商如何規劃符合經濟效益的生產系統及存貨模式來滿足需求並落實精實生產、有效管理存貨、降低生產成本提高利潤空間，將是企業永續發展的重要關鍵因素。
本研究針對相關文獻資料進行探討，並發展出一套單階非完美生產系統進行檢驗、重工、允許缺貨補貨的生產存貨模式及流程。假設及考量商品具有損耗之特性，允許缺貨問題發生，透過檢驗將分類出來的瑕疵品進行重工，當缺貨達到一定水準時則開始新的生產進行缺貨補貨並將缺貨全數補足。同時，製造商針對商品損耗率及生產瑕疵率問題進行保存技術及品質改善等投資，有效降低生產總成本、提高生產良率及生產存貨量以滿足需求。透過情境模擬建構數學模型，利用最佳化方法求得最佳生產存貨模式及最小生產系統總成本。最後經由數值範例與敏感度分析了解各個參數對本模式的影響，並做出結論、建議以及未來研究方向。

關鍵字

非完美生產 ； 品質改善 ； 保存技術 ； 缺貨補貨 ； 產品檢驗 ； 田口品質 ； 損耗性

並列摘要

The production of imperfect quality product during the manufacturing process is inevitable, partly due to imperfect raw materials, faulty manufacturing processes, devices, and/or employees. The imperfect quality products can directly impact the quality of finished goods and increase the overall cost of production. Current global market has witnessed the shortage of raw materials with fluctuating costs can makes the situation worse. In response to these concerns, manufactures are keen to build up a cost-effective production system with a robust inventory management policy. Others seek to implement lean production which will result in an effective inventory control and cut down the overall production cost and increase profit margin despite the imperfect production systems.
In this study, a single stage of imperfect production system proceeds with inspection, rework, allowable backorder, and backorder replenishment rate for a deteriorating item are considered. We then derive a heuristic algorithm for the inventory model. Shortage caused by deterioration can be completely replenished. The preservation technology and quality improvement investments are simultaneously incorporated to minimize the overall cost of the whole production system. We improve the deterioration and defective rates by rising up the production yields and shortening the lead time to satisfy market demands. Numerical examples and sensitivity analyses are given to validate the results of inventory system. The study suggests managerial implications for a manufacturing firm towards decision-making to determine the optimal production policy for imperfect production systems. The directions for future research are then stated.

並列關鍵字

Taguchi loss function ； Backorder replenishment ； Deterioration ； Preservation technology ； Inspection ； Imperfect production ； Quality improvement

參考文獻

[1] 古名尊，2012，損耗性商品考慮不完美重工及價格變動之最佳補貨策略，中原大學工業與系統工程學系碩士學位論文。

[6] 黃揚勝，2009，損耗性商品在協同定價與延遲付款之存貨模式，中原大學工

[5] 魏凡峯，2002，逆物流對供應鍊體系成本與時間之影響，國立成功大學工業

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