隨著全球經濟的快速發展,市場競爭越來越激烈,為了滿足市場上的需求,如何有效的控制存貨是重要的。但大部分供應鏈中,廠商與廠商之間都為了各自的利潤,而忽略了對方的損失,因此為了有效的提升供應鏈成員的利潤,達成雙贏的結果,供應鏈的整合逐漸被大家所重視。而近年來,快速的通貨膨脹,導致各項成本一直不斷的攀升,企業經營越來越困難,有效的利用倉儲空間,改善存貨策略,成為各通路業者的一項重要的課題。 本論文主要探討整合上、中、下游之三階供應鏈,考量損耗性的產品且有倉儲的限制,因此在配銷商會有自有倉庫(OW)與租賃倉庫(RW),並在允許缺貨下,考慮配銷商延遲付款與供應鏈管理存貨(VMI),並加入金錢時間價值的影響;最後,將推導出的數學模式,以聯合總利潤最大化為目標,建構出最佳訂購策略之存貨模式,再利用Maple進行數值運算與繪製圖表,經由數值案例與敏感度分析,觀察各個參數的影響,並做出最後結論。
Market competition is becoming more intense in this rapid developing global economy. Effective inventory control can improve utility to satisfy market demand. In most supply chains, the manufacture and the retail usually try to reduce their cost without considering credit terms. In order to increase supply chain profit, supplier chain integration is important. With rapid inflation in recent years, the time value of money in a necessary consideration. In addition, an effective use of warehouse space and improved stocking strategy become critical issues to be investigated. Beside the deterioration product and warehouse limitation, three stages supplier chain is investigated in this study. The distributor has limited warehouse space and may have to use the service of rent-warehouse. We discuss the influence in time value of money and VMI considering shortage. In order to maximize the total profit, we derive an optimal mathematical model. Maple and Excel software are used in the numerical analysis. A numerical example and sensitivity analysis are presented to illustrate the theory.
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