在逆向物流環境下結合採購與再製造系統之供應規劃模型

近幾年隨著環保意識抬頭，人們對有限的自然資源以及對環境的不斷關懷，已經有愈來愈多的國家建立了產品回收等相關法令，使得企業也開始朝向綠色生產、綠色設計、再製造與資源回收再利用等方向發展。逆向物流與正向供應鏈最大的差別在於回收品的品質、數量無法確定，然而企業從事回收作業時必須要投入成本，在固定的成本支出和不確定的回收效益之間如果不能達到預期的效益，不如降低整體的成本。所以在永續經營的前提下，當企業執行逆向物流時必須受到法律的規範和不確定因素等因素限制外，又要獲得經濟效益是一件困難且重要的任務。因此本研究期望幫助製造商對再製造的過程進行規劃並在不影響其核心競爭力的情況下大幅縮減再製造成本，讓製造商了解在製造產品前要向原物料商購買所需原物料之數量，透過再製造回收回來的產品及新購買的原物料，以滿足製造商所面對之產品需求。在考量再使用率後，雖然在成本方面有些許的增加，但其製造出來的產品，在品質會有所提升另外產品之風險也會降低，在實質上對企業是有所幫助的。

關鍵字

再製造；逆物流；不確定性

並列摘要

Recently, due to the rising of environmental awareness, people will care more about the limited natural resource and the environment. Many countries have established product recovery and other related laws. It enforces many companies to develop green production, green design, remanufacturing and resource recycling. The biggest difference between reverse logistics and supply chain is in the uncertainty of quality and quantity of recyclable items. However, companies must invest in recovery operations. Because, if they cannot achieve the expected benefits beyond fixed costs and uncertain benefits of recycling, they will have to reduce overall costs. So, under the premise of sustainable development, when performing reverse logistics, companies should not only be subjected to legal specification and uncertain factors, but also obtain economic benefits. Thus, this is a difficult, yet an important task. This study expects to help manufacturers plan and reduce remanufacturing costs by knowing the amount of raw materials and the amount of recycled product through remanufacturing process needed before they start manufacturing process. After considering the reusability of products, although the cost will increase a little bit, the quality of the products will also increase and that will reduce the failure risk of the product.

並列關鍵字

remanufacturing ； reverse logistics ； uncertainty

參考文獻

[1]Al-Mudimigh, A. S., M. Zairi and A. M. M. Ahmed (2004), “Extending the concept of supply chain: The effective management of value chains,” Int. J. Production Economics, 87, 309-320.

[2]Ali, D., D. Kannan, M. Kaliyan and D. Svetinovic (2013), “An optimization model for product returns using genetic algorithms and artificial immune system,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 74, 156-169.

[3]Amin, S. H. and A. G. Zhang (2012), “An integrated model for closed-loop supply chain configuration and supplierselection: Multi-objective approach,” Expert Systems with Applications, 39, 6782-3791.

[4]Bayındır, Z. P., N. Erkip and R. Gullu (2003), “A model to evaluate inventory costs in a remanufacturing environment,” Int. J. Production Economics, 81-82, 597-607.

[5]Beamon, B. M. (1999), “Designing the green supply chain,” Logistics Information Management, 12, 332-342.

國際替代計量

在逆向物流環境下結合採購與再製造系統之供應規劃模型

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