本研究探討停車收費策略對活動地點固定且週期性舉辦之策劃性特殊活動之影響。利用階層式的決策結構來建構針對策劃型特殊活動的運具/出發時間/停車場/路徑選擇模式,探討各運具的旅行時間、尋找車位時間、步行時間、停車費、公車票價、行程變動成本,對於其策劃性特殊活動參與者的出發時間選擇、運具選擇、停車場選擇及路徑選擇之影響。利用中觀運輸規劃軟體Cube建立策劃型特殊活動之多重用路人多重運具/出發時間/停車場選擇之動態交通量模型,並且利用此模型模擬活動參與者旅運選擇行為,並利用停車管理策略降低舉辦活動時對一般用路人之影響。本研究參考桃園縣跨年晚會參加者行為特性,以一虛擬路網進行範例分析,分析策劃性特殊活動舉辦期間,不同的停車收費策略對整體路網的服務品質之衝擊,包括對活動參與者及當地居民之交通影響。
In order to evaluate the effects of parking management strategies a planned special event, this study presents a multiclass, multimodal dynamic traffic simulation model with departure time and parking location for planned special events. By adopting a hierarchy decision structure, the influence of in-vehicle travel time, walking time, time spent looking for parking, parking fee, bus fare, and schedule delay costs toward the travel choice behaviours of participators of planned special events are considered simultaneously. In the first stage, participators make mode and departure time choices. Then, they make parking location choices if they choose to use private mode. Finally, they make route choices. They wish to spend minimal travel costs to arrive at a venue on their schedules. By adopting a mesoscopic transportation planning software, Cube, this simulation model is constructed to predict the traffic flow patterns in space and time. Time-dependent daily trips and extra trips generated by the planned special event are assigned into the road network together. Referencing the field investigation of New Year’s Eve in Taoyuan City, a numerical example is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed simulation model.
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