透過您的圖書館登入
IP:18.224.44.108
  • 學位論文

以適應熱舒適觀點探討建築室內熱環境 表現—以基隆市辦公空間為例

Exploring the Thermal Environmental Performance of Buildings in Aspect of Adaptive Thermal Comfort: an Investgation of Office Buildings in Keelung

指導教授 : 謝統勝

摘要


綠建築標章的定義為「生態、節能、減廢、健康」。而指標中間接與室內熱舒適有關的只有「外殼節能指標」。現代人平均每天花費80-90%的時間待在室內,建築的舒適性應該是非常重要的,而在辦公室中,熱環境的舒適程度則會影響工作的效率。內政部要求通過綠建築審核的政府新建築大多數為辦公類建物。本次研究希望能在強制政府機關取得綠建築標章的10年後做一次調查,希望能了解綠建築辦公室的熱環境是否比較舒適,並調查使用者對辦公室熱環境的感受與意見。 本研究以辦公室室內熱環境做為研究對象,調查地點為基隆市內各政府機關學校。調查進行的時間是2014年7月到10月,夏秋兩季。對辦公室室內熱環境物理量進行實地量測,並同時請辦公室使用者填寫熱舒適問卷調查。 通過這次的調查可以得到以下的結論: 1. 室外氣溫都會影響室內熱環境並間接影響使用者熱環境感受。 2. 自然通風建築的使用者滿意度與空調建築的滿意度非常相近。 3. 如果是只取得合格級的綠建築對室內熱環境的影響不大。 4. 使用者的生理條件對熱環境感受的影響並不大,除了性別之外,年齡、身高與體重等並不會影響熱環境感受。在同樣的熱環境中,男性的溫度感受會高於女性。 5. 若是使用者有著足夠的機會或權限去改變或適應熱環境,那麼就能夠大幅提高使用者對熱環境的滿意度。 熱舒適是個人的主觀認知,會由於外在氣溫、身體狀況、心理狀態等種種情況影響熱環境感受。在同一熱環境的人越多,要想使所有人都處於熱舒適狀態越不可能。辦公室建築若是希望大多數使用者能夠處在舒適的環境,就必須提供改變的機會,讓使用者在需要的時候能夠達到熱舒適的需求,因此在規劃設計時便需要考量使用者的工作型態與適應機會。 此外,當初訂定綠建築標章審核制度的立意良好,但是本次研究後發現綠建築在實際使用上並不能讓使用者比較滿意。結論顯示,使用者對熱環境的滿意度並沒有比一般建築高。一方面是綠建築室內熱環境表現不佳,另一方面是使用者並不清楚何謂綠建築,對綠建築抱有的期望太高。建議: 1. 綠建築標章針對熱環境增加審核項目,以確實改善綠建築室內熱環境。 2. 加強綠建築推廣教育,好讓使用者能有正確的認知。 關鍵字:熱舒適、綠建築、適應機會

並列摘要


Taiwan’s green building index is "Ecology, Energy saving, Waste reduction and Health." Modern people spend average 80-90% of the time every day to stay indoors, thermal comfort of indoor thermal environment is very important. Thermal comfort would affect the work efficiency. Because Ministry of the Interior claim new government buildings have most of new government buildings are EEWH buildings, we want to investigate the thermal environment in green office buildings and understand how users feel and their opinions to the offices’ thermal environment. In this study, the Office of indoor thermal environment as the object of study, survey sites for the government schools Keelung. Time survey was conducted in July 2014 to October, summer and fall. Office indoor thermal environment of physical field measurements, while office users please fill out the questionnaire thermal comfort. We can get the following conclusions through this investigation: 1. The outdoor temperature will affect the indoor thermal environment and indirectly affect the thermal sense of thermal environment. 2. The users’ thermal satisfaction in natural ventilation buildings and in air-conditioned buildings are very similar. 3. Low-class green buildings has little effect on indoor thermal environment. 4. Most of the user's physiological condition doesn’t affect the thermal sense. Only sex would affect the thermal sense. In the same thermal environment, male will feel hotter than female. 5. If the user has sufficient opportunity or permission to change or adapt the thermal environment, it is possible to greatly improve users’ thermal satisfaction. Thermal comfort is subjective perception, due to the external temperature, physical condition, mental state and various circumstances influent the thermal sense. The original conception of EEWH system is good, but those users in green buildings are not more satisfied. On one hand, users’ thermal satisfaction in green buildings is not higher than common buildings. On the other hand, users do not understand what green building is. Some people expect too high quality of indoor thermal environment. Keywords: thermal comfort, green buildings, adaptive opportunities

參考文獻


[29] 張芸翠(2012),台灣綠建築評估系統評分合理性之分析。國立成功大學建築研究所碩士論文。
[1] ASHRAE Standard 55. (2014). ASHRAE Standard: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers: Atlanta.
[5] de Dear, R., Brager, G.S., and Cooper, D.(1997). Developing an Adaptive Model of Thermal Comfort and Preference(Final Report). ASHRAE and Macquarie Research,(ASHRAE RP-884).
[7] Epstein, Y., and Moran, D. S. (2006). Thermal Comfort and the Heat Stress Indices. Industrial Health, 44, 388-398.
[12] Höppe, P. R. (1993). Heat balance modelling. Experientia, 49(9), 741-746.

延伸閱讀