- 學位論文
MTO/MTS生產系統等候線模式分析
Queueing Model Analysis on MTO/MTS Production Systems
摘要
電腦網路下單已成為新的企業經營模式，因此如何快速的提供服務，對企業是相當重要的一部份。MTO(Make-to-order)經營模式可提供快速的提供服務，該生產方式是生產客製化產品，滿足特殊需求之訂單; MTS(Make-to-stock)生產方式是預先生產標準產品，以滿足一般需求之訂單。當一般需求到達時，可直接領取庫存區的標準產品以滿足一般需求。客製化產品可由現有的標準產品進行部分加工，因此在組裝上會將MTO生產線植入MTS生產線，稱為MTO/MTS生產系統。為了滿足一般需求可立即獲得產品及縮短特殊需求之回應時間，我們預先存放若干的標準產品(基本庫存量)於庫存區，此存貨控制方法稱為基本庫存策略。 本研究考慮三個MTO/MTS生產系統。我們先分析單站MTO/MTS生產系統，此系統可生產標準產品提供給一般需求及客製化產品提供給特殊需求。我們亦分析雙站MTO/MTS生產系統，工作站1為MTS生產系統，其完成之標準產品會存放於庫存區，可提供標準產品給一般需求; 特殊需求則視庫存區之標準產品為半成品，須在工作站2則進行客製化產品加工。最後我們分析串聯式生產系統(共有J個工作站, j=1,…,J)。各個工作站(j=1,…,J-2)為MTO生產系統，第J-1工作站是以MTS生產系統並有一庫存區以提供標準產品給一般需求; 特殊需求視庫存區之標準產品為半成品，須在工作站J則進行客製化生產。 我們的目的是以等候線系統方式，對此三個生產系統進行分析。評估此三個生產系統，我們考慮一般需求之滿足率及特殊需求之回應時間。滿足率是指一般需求顧客到達系統，可立即被滿足的比例;即時交付率是指特殊需求到達系統至被滿足的時間。我們也會對特殊需求的即時交付率做探討。在數值分析中，我們考慮在成本結構之下求解最佳基本庫存水準問題。
並列摘要
Because of the new business model of Internet/telephone ordering and quick response service requirement, Make-to-order(MTO) business model is increasing its significance rapidly. MTO production is usually utilized to deal with the special demand for a non-standard and custom products, however, Make-To-Stock(MTS) production is used for the ordinary demand for producing standard products which are delivered directly from inventory(stock). In some case, custom products share almost all the parts of the standard product and can be produced by alternating the existing standard products with some additional works, therefore, the manufacturer may combine the MTO lines with the main stream MTS lines, which becomes a MTO/MTS production system. In order to satisfy the ordinary demand immediately and shorten the response time of the special demand, we can have some initial stock of standard products, of which control policy is called the base-stock policy. In this research, we consider three MTO/MTS production systems with base-stock control policy. Firstly, we analyze a single-station MTO/MTS production system with random ordinary demand for the standard products and special demands for the custom product which can be done by alternating the standard products at the same station. Secondly, we analyze is a two-station MTO/MTS production system with ordinary and special demands, the first station is a MTS system providing the finished standard products for the ordinary demands. These finished products also serve as the semi-finished products to the special demands. The second station performs some additional works on the standard products for the special demands. Finally, we analyze a serial production system (a tandem queueing system) with random ordinary demands and special demands (let j index the station number, $j = 1, ..., J). Each station is a MTO production system that produces semi-finished standard products (from station 1 to station J-2). The exception is station J-1, which is a MTS production system that produces finished standard products for ordinary demands. These finished products also serve as the semi-finished products to the special demands. The final station(station J) performs some additional works on the standard products for the special demands.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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