補充紅麴可增強成長期大鼠之骨密度

Red Mold Rice Supplement Could Enhance Bone Density in Growing Rats

顧尚欣(Shang-Hsin Ku)

指導教授 ： 蔡敬民

中原大學/理學院/化學系/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700339

摘要

本實驗目的是以成長期大鼠的模式，欲了解紅麴是否能刺激骨骼的生長，並藉由不同來源的紅麴（S或P）以了解不同的發酵方式，在同樣劑量時，其效果是否有所差異？另外，本實驗針對國人鈣質普遍攝取不足，設計了在鈣質攝取不足的模式，紅麴對骨骼生長的影響是否有所差異？本研究分為二項子實驗，各實驗為期24週。實驗1將48隻3週大的雌Wistar大鼠隨機分成6組，分別以Control、0.005％S、0.01％S、0.02％S、0.01％P、0.06% Isoflavone等6種不同飼料飼養。實驗2將32隻3週大的雌Wistar大鼠隨機分成4組，分別以高鈣（HCa）、建議量鈣（RCa）、1/3RCa、1/3RCa +S的4種不同飼料飼養。二項子實驗均於飼養期間的0、8、16、24週時以雙光子能量測定儀測量其脊椎、脛骨、股骨、以及股骨頸的骨密度，作為判斷的標準。
實驗1的結果顯示，0.01％S的脊椎骨質密度增加量與其變化率在8週時即已顯著大於控制組（p<0.05），脛骨則是在16週之後0.01％S組和0.06% Isoflavone組的變化率明顯高於控制組（p＜0.05），股骨則是在16週之後各試驗飼料組的骨質密度增加量均高於控制組（p<0.05）；24週時，除0.005％S組之外，其他各試驗飼料組的骨質密度變化率均高於控制組（p＜0.05）。股骨頸的骨密度變化結果顯示，從8週開始，0.01％S就一直比控制組高，然而劑量較高的0.02％S卻一直跟控制組並無明顯差異（p>0.05）。0.02%S組的脊椎骨與股骨頸的骨質密度增加量與其骨質密度變化率自8週起至24週一直原因不明地比0.01％S組低；但在其他的股骨、脛骨之骨密度則沒有此現象。是否添加0.02％的S有點劑量過高？尚待進一步觀察。
實驗2的脊椎骨、脛骨、股骨、股骨頸的4項分析結果數據，顯示在8週時HCa 與RCa組的骨密度增加量與變化率均明顯大於其他兩組（p＜0.05），但到了第16週，缺乏鈣質但多添加紅麴的1/3RCa+S組之骨密度增加量和變化率逐漸與RCa組接近。到了24週時，脛骨與股骨的數值已與RCa組無明顯差異（p>0.05），而尤其股骨頸的骨密度增加量和變化率，被發現從16週之後，1/3RCa+S即和HCa和RCa的效果相近，彼此間並無明顯的差異（p>0.05）。
由以上的結果可知，補充紅麴的確可以刺激骨骼生長，使骨密度上升，且不同來源與製造條件的紅麴，雖然劑量相同，但效果可能有所差異。實驗結果亦顯示本實驗所採用的S紅麴，並非攝取的劑量越多就越好，而其促進骨骼生長的最適劑量為0.01％。另外本研究亦發現，在鈣質攝取不足的情況下補充紅麴，可以促進骨骼的生長，增加骨骼密度，且效果有可能和攝取額外補充鈣質的高鈣試驗組相似。且本實驗發現測量股骨頸，會比測量其他骨骼更容易發現骨密度變化量的差異性。

關鍵字

骨密度 ； 大白鼠 ； 鈣質 ； 紅麴

並列摘要

The study was to investigate the effect of red mold rice on bone density in growing rats. The effects of different sources (S or P) and various doses were investigated in Trial 1 and under the circumstance with various calcium levels in the diets in Trial 2. Three weeks old female Wistar rats were employed and housed individually in stainless steel cages in the study. In Trail 1, 48 rats were assigned into 6 dietary groups randomly, 8 each, and fed control, 0.005%S, 0.01%S, 0.02%S, 0.01%P or 0.06% Isoflavone diet. In trail 2, 32 rats were divided into 4 dietary groups randomly, 8 each, and fed high Ca (HCa), AIN-93G recommended Ca (RCa), 1/3RCa or 1/3RCa+S diet. Bone mineral densities (BMD) of the lumbar vertebra, tibiae, femurs and neck of femur were measured using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) at the end of 0, 8, 16 and 24 weeks.
In Trail 1, results demonstrated that the increases and change ratios of lumbar vertebra BMD in 0.01%S were higher than control in 8 weeks (p<0.05). The change ratios of tibia BMD in 0.01%S and 0.06% Isoflavone groups were higher than control in 16 weeks (p<0.05). The increases and change ratios of femur BMD in all tested diet groups were significantly higher than control in 16 and 24 weeks (p<0.05). The BMD of femur neck in 0.01%S group started to be higher than control in 8 weeks. However, the ones in 0.02%S were same as control group in the whole study period. It was noticed that BMD of lumbar vertebra and femur neck, but not in tibia and whole femur, in 0.02%S were significantly lower than the ones in 0.01%S (p<0.05). It needs more studies to clear that was this phenomenon due to over dose?
In trail 2, data of lumbar vertebra, tibia, femur and femur neck revealed that the increases and change ratios of BMD in HCa and RCa were significantly higher than the other groups (p<0.05) at the end of 8 weeks. It was observed, however, that the BMD of tibia and femur in 1/3RCa+S were getting close to the ones of RCa. At the end of 24 weeks, those data of tibia and femur BMD in 1/3RCa+S were not different from the ones of RCa (p>0.05). Data demonstrated that the increases and change ratios of BMD of femoral neck in 1/3RCa+S were same as the ones of HCa and RCa groups after 16 weeks (p>0.05).
In conclusion, red mold rice can stimulate bone growth and increase BMD. Same doses of different red mold sources might have different levels of physiological effect which does not necessary increase with the increase of red mold rice ingestion, but with an optimum dose, e.g. 0.01% S red mold rice in the study. Under a 1/3 recommended amount of Ca in the diet, supplement of red mold rice can enhance bone growth and BMD which can be as high as giving adequate calcium. It was also found that BMD of femoral neck would be a more sensitive parameter than the other bones measured in the study.

並列關鍵字

calcium ； red mold rice ； bone mineral density

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