考慮人員技能水準求解成衣業車缝線之生產線設計問題

Sloving the Assembly Line Design Problem with Labor Skill Level of Sewing Lines in Garment Industry

吳漢斌(Han-Bin Wu)

指導教授 ： 陳建良

中原大學/工學院/工業工程研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700442

摘要

成衣製造業為傳統產業，在國際化的環境下，競爭非常劇烈。車縫作業需要最多的人力及物力，是成衣製程中的關鍵作業。成衣業車縫作業中的生產線平衡規劃，其目的在於妥善指派工序至各工作站，使工作站之機台能執行所分派之工序，並平衡各工作站的工作負荷。生產線設計問題(Assembly Line Design Problem, ALDP)不僅包含生產線平衡問題(Assembly Line Balancing Problem, ALBP)，尚需考慮機台種類的限制，亦即工序分派至工作站必須考慮機台能執行所分派之工序。由於生產線設計問題屬於NP-hard問題，因此，對於成衣業車縫作業具複雜的先行作業關係而言，群組基因演算法(Grouping Genetic Algorithm, GGA)能在合理時間內求得近似最佳解。
本研究將發展群組基因演算法並考慮人員技能水準求解成衣業車縫生產線設計問題。群組基因演算法可依不同之人員技能水準進行生產線平衡達到較佳之工作負荷平衡，因此可最小化平均絕對誤差(Mean Absolute Deviations, MAD)。本研究以實際之成衣業生產數據及實驗設計來驗證所發展演算法之績效。在不同生產目標下如週期時間縮短與提高人員使用率，生產管理者可依本研究所發展之演算法進行快速生產線設計。

關鍵字

成衣業 ； 人員使用率 ； 生產線平衡問題 ； 群組基因演算法 ； 生產線設計問題 ； 週期時間 ； 人員技能水準 ； 均絕對誤差

並列摘要

Garment manufacturing is a traditional industry with global competition. The most critical operation process is sewing, as it generally involves a great number of operations. The aim of line balance planning in sewing lines is to assign tasks to workstations in order that the machines of the workstation can perform the assigned tasks with a balanced loading. Different from simple assembly line balancing problem (ALBP), the assembly line design problem (ALDP) has constraints on machine types. While tasks are being assigned to the workstations, the tasks can be performed by the same machine/tool type. ALDP is known as an NP-hard problem. Thus, the grouping genetic algorithm could be a better way to plan the sewing lines in a reasonable time.
This thesis develops a grouping genetic algorithm for ALDP of sewing lines in garment industry. Grouping genetic algorithm can allocate workload among machines as evenly as possible for different labor skill levels, so the mean absolute deviations can be minimized. Real data from garment factories and experimental design are used to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. Production managers can use the research results to quickly design sewing lines for important targets such as short cycle time and high labour utilization.

並列關鍵字

Assembly Line Balancing Problem ； Garment Industry ； Labor Skill Level ； Grouping Genetic Algorithm ； Assembly Line Design Problem

參考文獻

43. 吳政俊，2006，具平行機器與迴流特性之零工式工廠排程研究，中原大學工業工程系碩士論文。

45. 蕭秀慧，2005，以群組基因演算法求解成衣業車縫線之生產線設計問題，中原大學工業工程系碩士論文。

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