- 學位論文
在可見/太陽能光下降解環境有機污染物的新型光催化應用
Novel Photocatalytic Applications for Degradation of Environmental Organic Pollutants under Visible/Solar light
摘要
環境中的有機污染物通常對人類及動植物都是具有毒性的，這也成為世界關注的議題之一。於是，這項研究主要專注於配置一種新的且有效的光催化效應，以便更好地在可見光或太陽光下降解不同的環境有機污染物，例如: 羅丹明B染劑 (RhB)、酸性黄42染劑 (AY42)、一氧化氮和甲苯氣。在這項研究中， Bi2S3分別與三種不同的化合物或元素(SnO2, MgO, and Lanthanum(La)組合成新的複合物，其複合物分別為SnO2/Bi2S3/BiOCl-Bi24O31Cl10, MgO/Bi2S3-BiOCl, 和 La/Bi2S3。其中SnO2/Bi2S3/BiOCl-Bi24O31Cl10這個催化劑是由15％SnO2和85％Bi2S3水熱法結合形成的綜合性複合物， 與Bi2S3（29.4％）和SnO2（0.1％）相比，15％SnO2和85％Bi2S3的結合可達到光降解RhB的最佳效率，其效率為80.8％。7％MgO和93％Bi2S3可藉由共沉澱法合成MgO / Bi2S3-BiOCl，在74.61％的NO狀態下顯示出更高的光降解率,在陽光照射下，相較於Bi2S3（42.77％）和MgO（11.24％）的組合效果更佳。BiOCl為半導體異質結構，通常形成於Bi2S3和含Cl離子的前驅物之間，分別與水中的SnCl4.5H2O和MgCl2.6H2O形成了SnO2 / Bi2S3 / BiOCl-Bi24O31Cl10和MgO / Bi2S3-BiOCl兩種複合物。透過水熱法合成的3％La / Bi2S3催化劑與Bi2S3（46.7％）相比，降解效率更高，且其降解AY42的效率為92.1％。此外，使用溶膠-凝膠法合成的1％La-TiO2的光催化模組，將其塗抹在玻璃纖維布上，並使用活性炭吸附，可顯示對甲苯氣體的光降解率達到近乎100％。最後，藉由不同的特徵方法對製得的催化劑進行分析，以確認它們的結構及在污染物降解機制中的行為。這些素材作為光催化活性的新方法，可為未來許多與光催化技術有關的研究提供靈感。
關鍵字
光催化 ； SnO2/Bi2S3/BiOCl-Bi24O31Cl10 ； MgO/Bi2S3-BiOCl ； La/Bi2S3 ； 光催化模組 ； La-TiO2 ； 環境有機污染物 ； 可見光 ； 太陽光並列摘要
Environmental organic pollutants are generally toxic for human beings, animals and plants, and become a concerning issue for the world. This research focuses on new efficient photocatalytic applications for better degradation of different environmental organic pollutants such as Rhodamine B(RhB) dye, Acid Yellow 42(AY42) dye, Nitrogen Oxide (NO) gas, and Toluene gas under visible or solar light. In this study, the Bi2S3 catalyst was used and modified by three new companions (SnO2, MgO, and Lanthanum(La)) separately to synthesize SnO2/Bi2S3/BiOCl-Bi24O31Cl10, MgO/Bi2S3-BiOCl, and La/Bi2S3, respectively. The SnO2/Bi2S3/BiOCl-Bi24O31Cl10 catalyst was a strategic composite formed by the hydrothermal combination of 15% SnO2 and 85% Bi2S3 achieved an optimum photodegradation of 80.8% of RhB higher than pure Bi2S3(29.4%) and SnO2(0.1%) under visible light. The MgO/Bi2S3-BiOCl was synthesized via the co-precipitation method of 7% MgO and 93% Bi2S3 and showed a higher photodegradation around 74.61% of NO gas, which was better than pure Bi2S3(42.77%) and MgO (11.24%) under solar light. The presence of BiOCl as a heterojunction that usually forms between Bi2S3 and a precursor containing Cl ion was confirmed in the SnCl4.5H2O and MgCl2.6H2O in the water to form SnO2/Bi2S3/BiOCl-Bi24O31Cl10 and MgO/Bi2S3-BiOCl composites, respectively. The 3% La/Bi2S3 catalyst synthesized by the hydrothermal method and showed a better degradation efficiency of 92.1% of AY42 compared to the pure Bi2S3(46.7%). Besides, a photocatalytic module was also applied using 1% La-TiO2, which was synthesized by the sol-gel method, coated on the glass fiber cloth, and supported by activated carbon, reached a photodegradation of about 100% for toluene gas. Finally, the as-prepared catalysts were also analyzed by different characterization methods to confirm their formations and behavior in the degradation mechanism of the pollutants. Those new approaches materials for photocatalytic activities can serve as an inspiration for a lot of pieces of studies relating to photocatalysis technology in the future.
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