水性聚胺基甲酸酯/二氧化矽/銀奈米 複合物製備之性質研究

Sythesis and Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane/silica/Silver Nanocomposites

陳筱潔(Shiao-Chieh Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳志吉

中原大學/工學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/CYCU.2011.00153

摘要

本研究是以預聚物混合法合成水性聚胺基甲酸酯(WPU)/silica，然後添加不同含量無機物硝酸銀(silver nitrate)水溶液形成WPU/silica/AgNO3複合物，在這項研究中分為三部分，首先(1)WPU/silica複合物經過製備形成產物之探討性質，其次(2)探討加入固含量為10wt% AgNO3在WPU/silica混成複合物探討形成複合物的性質；最後(3)將機械性質良好的2wt% silica添加不同比例AgNO3(2~10wt%)形成SWPU/AgNO3複合膜，並且在(2)(3)部分利用加熱120℃進行還原反應作用，形成SWPU/Ag0奈米複合膜比較此複合物的型態與物性之影響。
研究中使用粒徑分析儀、黏度儀與界面電位分析儀及接觸角分析儀分析複合物乳液特性，利用傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀、表面掃描電子顯微鏡、X-ray繞射光譜儀、化學分析影像能譜儀、熱重量分析儀、穿透式電子顯微鏡及原子力顯微鏡探討混成複合物的結構、熱性質、結晶與表面形態情形，同時也利用萬能拉力機、動態機械熱分析儀探討混成複合物的機械性質。再者利用中華民國抗菌檢驗測試法，探討奈米複合物之抑菌情形。
根據實驗結果，(一)在變化silica含量之研究:隨著silica含量增加，使WPU/silica乳液的平均顆粒大小增加使安定性降低其親水性、耐熱性和機械性質增加；(二)WPU/silica複合物添加固含量為10wt%AgNO3在抗張強度和熱裂解溫度降低而在伸長量部分增加；(三)隨著AgNO3含量增加WPU/silica/AgNO3複合物的抑菌效果增加，當AgNO3經過還原時有部分Ag0粒子減少，其在表面可得知含量越多顆粒增加易聚集且使抗菌產物增加。

關鍵字

水性聚胺基甲酸酯 ； 二氧化矽 ； 奈米複合物 ； 銀

並列摘要

Firstly, waterborne polyurethane(WPU)/silica dispersions were prepared through a prepolymer mixing process. Then, different amounts of aqueous AgNO3 solutions were added to the WPU/silica dispersions to form WPU/silica/AgNO3 dispersions. There are three parts in this study as (1) preparation and properties of WPU/silica composites, (2) properties of WPU/silica/AgNO3(10wt%) composites with 0~8wt% silica, (3) morphology and properties of WPU/silica(2wt%)/AgNO3 composites with 2~10wt% AgNO3. Also in parts (2) and (3), AgNO3 in the composite films was partially reduced to Ag by heating the films at 120oC for a certain time period to form WPU/silica/Ag composite films. Subsequently, morphology and properties of the reduced composite films were compared with those of the original composite films.
A particle sizer, a coaxial cylinder rheometer and a zeta potential analyzer were used to measure characteristics of the composite dispersions. A Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, a scanning electron microscope, a transmission electron microscopy, an electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, an X-ray diffractometer, A atomic force microscopy and a contact angle analyzer were used to characterize structure and morphology of the composite films. Moreover, a thermogravimetric analyzer, a dynamic mechanical analyzer and a uniaxial stress-strain tester were used to measure thermal and mechanical properties of the composite films. Antibacterial property of the composite films was evaluated by the standard method.( CNS13907、CNS14945)
Results of the three parts are list in the following: (1) Average particle size and stability of the WPU/silica emulsion increases and decreases, respectively, with increasing silica content. Moreover, hydrophilicity, thermostability and mechanical strength of the composite film increase with increasing silica content. (2) Tensile
Ⅳ
strength and elongation of the WPU/silica composites increased when AgNO3 was added, whereas the thermal decomposition temperature remained invariant. As partial AgNO3 was reduced to Ag by heating process, tensile strength and thermal decomposition temperature of the composites decreased, whereas elongation increased. (3) Tensile strength, elongation, thermal decomposition temperature, conductivity and antibacterial property of the WPU/silica/AgNO3 composites increased with increasing AgNO3 content. As partial AgNO3 was reduced to Ag by heating process, size of aggregated Ag particles on the surface and antibacterial property of the composites increased.

並列關鍵字

silver ； silica ； nanocomposites ； waterborne polyurethane

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