顧客訂單分歧點評估模型之建置- 以半導體設備廠為例

The Development of a Customer Order Decoupling Point Evaluation Model- Semiconductor Equipment Company as a Case.

吳東榮(Dong-Rong Wu)

指導教授 ： 項衛中

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201100974

摘要

摘要

現今的半導體市場受到全球化影響，而台灣半導體設備製造廠的客戶群也因此相當廣泛及多樣化。在客戶群越來越廣泛的情況下，企業面臨客製化產品種類激增，也導致銷售部門的產品預測越來越困難。
案例公司在產品預測錯誤時，大多使用簡易的方式處理。當客戶需求數量預測錯誤或額外的訂單需求發生時，廠商會考量目前廠內在製品的數量與在製品的產品相似度，若該訂單急需交貨，且目前完工數量低於訂單所需之產品數量，案例公司會將相似度高的在製品拆卸重工為急需出貨的產品，雖可使急需交貨的訂單準時交貨，卻可能造成被拆卸的訂單產品遲交。
本研究針對案例公司在顧客訂購數量與預測有異及發生額外訂單需求時，以顧客訂單分歧點成本模型，幫助案例公司決定客製化產品的顧客訂單分歧點，與以總成本考量是否拆卸現有在製品以滿足額外訂單的需求，以完成企業欲達到生產成本最小化與最大化客戶滿意度之目標。
本研究的流程架構可分三階段，第一階段先進行生產線觀察與產品結構探討，制定研究目標與研究範圍與限制，第二階段訂定成本公式與著手建構顧客訂單分歧點與在製品拆卸決策成本模型並進行驗證，第三階段藉由模型所得到的結果給予產品顧客訂單分歧點的設置建議並進行敏感度分析。
本研究完成顧客訂單分歧點成本模型的建構，並驗證模型的可行性與探討各項因素對於生產成本的影響，以協助案例公司在各種影響因素配置下找出最佳的行動方案與準則。本研究發現預測訂單交貨的前置時間、額外訂單交貨的前置時間、訂單遲交的成本比例與顧客訂單分歧點的設置對生產成本有顯著性的影響，並針對各顯著影響因素予以分析，以供案例公司後續研究之參考。

關鍵字

客製化 ； 成本模型 ； 顧客訂單分歧點

並列摘要

Abstract

Semiconductor market is highly affected by globalization, and the customers of semiconductor equipment products become are very diverse. Therefore, customization of equipment products has to have accurate results, more and more and sales forecast in has become harder.
While forecasting errors happened, most equipment manufacturer was using a simple rule to solve this kind of problem. If forecasting number was not correct or excess demand occurred, the manufacturer would consider as the decision factors similarity of the products and the work-in-process (WIP) numbers in the plant. If there is a rush order, and the work-in-process number is lower than the demand, order of the regular order with similar devices will be disassembled to fulfill this rush order. Although urgent order can be delivered on time in this way, the other orders may be late accordingly.
In this study, to solve inaccurate forecasting or excess demand problems, the cost model based on the customer order decoupling point was developed to minimize production cost and fulfill customer satisfaction. This model would determine the customer order decoupling point, and decide whether to disassemble similar products to meet the customer requirements.
There three phases in this project, the first phase is to observe the production line and the product structure, to define research objectives, research scope and limitations. In the second phase, the cost model with customer order decoupling point is constructed and verified. In the third stage, the sensitivity analysis is performed and the results will be given to the company as the reference.
In this study, the customer order decoupling point cost model was developed, and validated which might various factors affect production costs, was tested and several guidelines were developed to help the company making decision various situations.

並列關鍵字

cost model ； customization ； customer order decoupling point

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