台灣傳統大木司傅梁紹英作品之研究 ─ 以林口鄉竹林山觀音寺、桃園縣觀音鄉廖氏宗祠為例

A Study on the works of Master Carpenter Liang Shao-ying tradition Wooden structure in Taiwan- In order to Township bamboo Goddess of Mercy Temple, Guanyin Township, Liao Ancestral Hall.

馬少峻(Shao-Jun Ma)

中原大學/設計學院/建築研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201200889

摘要

至今研究閩南系統大木司傅的資料建構著墨較多，但對於主要在客家地區從事廟宇工作的葉金萬師承體系的司傅深入探討甚少，針對葉金萬師承下第四代的梁紹英司傅的篙尺技藝、傳統尺寸推算與作品做深入的研究探討，本身擁有的技藝是否將葉派體系的傳統篙尺技藝、吉利尺寸的推算法、作品特徵永續承傳，釐清葉金萬師承下之重要傳統技術與歷史脈絡傳承的系譜，除了對實際物體上保存，對於篙尺技藝保存的共存特性實為重要。本研究藉由司傅訪談、作品實地觀察記錄、篙尺與傳統尺寸的記錄，進行葉派篙尺技藝與傳統尺寸的解讀分析與釐清，作為彰顯定位葉派特色與其他司傅派系的不同之處。
本文共分為五個章節，以下內容：
第一章 緒論：說明本文研究的動機與目的，研究的對象、範圍、方法、限制，與大木司傅論文、篙尺技藝、傳統尺寸推算與建屋禁忌等相關文獻回蒐集與回顧。
第二章 大木司傅梁紹英之基本資料與師承體系研究：論述梁紹英司傅的師承體系歷史淵源、基本資料建立、習藝事由、特殊作品實際現場記錄、合作司傅與職業現狀記錄分析。
第三章 台灣傳統大木司傅梁紹英之篙尺、營建禁忌、吉利尺寸推算：論述梁紹英司傅延續葉金萬師承體系下的傳統建屋禁忌的原則、傳統吉利尺寸推算方式、篙尺符號代表意義、篙尺內容記錄的分析，探討如何在現今時代的快速轉變下，尚未捨棄葉派的設計原則與專業知識繼續傳承下去，在傳統建築業界仍屹立不搖。
第四章 梁紹英司傅之篙尺繪製程序、木構榫接製作流程及廟宇尺寸設計實例：此部分針對通霄慈惠宮留存的篙尺記錄與現今竹林山觀音寺篙尺為梁紹英司傅教導繪製作一比對，找出關聯性；詳細解讀、記錄分析篙尺繪製的注意要點與步驟流程。
第五章結語與後續研究：提出本研究的成果與發現，作一整體性歸納，給後續想更深入研究葉金萬師承派系之建築風格、設計思維與手法上的差異、傳統建屋禁忌禁忌、尺寸推算…等，更有實質上的理解與幫助。

關鍵字

台灣傳統建築 ； 梁紹英 ； 大木司傅 ； 篙尺

並列摘要

Date research the Minnan large wooden Division Fu data construct dwell more depth very little, but in Hakka areas engaged in temple work Ye Jin Secretary of the modeled system Fu for Ye Jin studied under the fourth generation of Liang Shaoying SecretaryFu's pole-foot craft, traditional size of the projected work to do in-depth study itself has the skills leaves School system traditional pole-foot craft, the Geely size reckoning, work characteristics of sustainable heritage clarify Ye Jin modeledunder the traditional technologies and the historical context of heritage genealogy, preservation, in addition to the actual object for the pole-foot craft to save the coexistence of features is important. Interviews by the Secretary Fu works on the ground observed-foot pole with the traditional size records, Leaves School pole-foot craft and interpretation of the traditional size and clarify, as a highlight positioning leaves camp features with other divisions Fu factions at.
This article is divided into five chapters, the following:
Chapter one Introduction: explain the motivation and purpose of this study, the object of
study, scope, methods, limitations, and the Secretary of the large wooden
Fu-foot pole of the papers, arts, traditional size projected back to collect and review the literature of the housing taboos.
Chapter two Large wooden Mr Fu Liangshao England, of the basic data with the modeled
system Research：History of deep discourse Liang Shaoying Secretary Fu modeled system Source of basic information to establish, Brouwer, reasons for the special work site records, Cooperation Department, Fu and occupational status of record.
Chapter three Taiwan's traditional wooden Secretary Fuliang Shao Ying pole feet,
construction taboos, the Geely size projections : Discusses Liang Shaoying Secretary Fu continues in Ye gold Wan modeled system, the traditional housing taboo of principle, the traditional auspicious size projections way, pole-foot symbol on behalf of significance, pole-foot contents of record of the analysis, to explore how today's era of rapid change, yet to abandon the leaf to send the design principles and expertise continue to be passed along in the traditional construction industry is still unshakable.
Chapter four Liang Shaoying Secretary Fu of pole-foot drawing program, wood structure
the mortise production process and the temple size design examples: This section Pole foot record Tunghsiao retained charity Palace, and the bamboo mountain today pole foot Guanyinsi, the Liang Shaoying Secretary Fu teaches drawing a comparison to find out the correlation; detailed interpretation of the record and analysis of the pole ruler to draw the attention of key points and steps process.
Chapter five Conclusion and follow-up study: The results of this study and found, for a
holistic inductive want more in-depth, follow-up Ye Jin studied under various factions architectural style, the differences in design thinking and techniques, traditional housing taboo taboo, size, projections ... and other, more substantive understanding and help.

並列關鍵字

Gao-Chi ； Carpenter Master ； Liang Shao-ying ； Taiwan traditional architecture.

參考文獻

8.洪澍顯，《泉州溪底派大木匠師梁世智篙尺技藝之研究》，2005年2月，中原建築學系碩士學位論文。

10.徐裕健，《傳統建築大木「篙尺」之設計哲學及隱藏之空間觀念：以泉州「溪底派」王益順匠師派下為研究個案》，城市與設計學報，第十三/十四期，2003年3月，P85-115。

1.葉永韶，《傳統建築施作工率分析初探-以大木作為例》，2003年1月，中原建築學系碩士學位論文。

中文書：

1.林會承，《台灣傳統建築手冊 形式與作法篇》，1995年7月，藝術家出版社。