台灣光電產業之經營績效分析 —資料包絡分析法之應用—

The Business Performance Analysis of Optoelectrics Industry in Taiwan: Application to Data Envelopment Analysis.

陳翔修(Hsiang-Hsiu Chen)

指導教授 ： 李正文

中原大學/商學院/國際貿易研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200600617

摘要

高科技產業一直是我國最重要的經濟命脈，但隨著IC製造業與電腦與其週邊產業利潤的下降與大陸市場的興起，我國在高科技產業的競爭力似乎大不如前。在高科技產業一片低迷的情況之下，光電產業的未來發展性，使得政府在2002年提出「兩兆雙星」計劃，目的在於提升未來光電產業的發展潛力，進而帶動台灣整體經濟的發展。本研究透過資料包絡分析法（Data Envelopment Analysis）與麥氏生產力變動指數（Malmquist Productivity Index）分析與比較2003至2005年中，光電產業的光碟片、光碟機與LED廠商的經營績效與生產力變動情況。在樣本廠商的選取上，選擇光碟片、光碟機與LED產業中，公開上市上櫃之廠商。資料來源為證期會公開資訊觀測站與台灣經濟新報資料庫。
本研究之研究結論如下，在整體的平均效率方面，光碟機廠商的整體效率最佳，其次為LED廠商，表現最差的為光碟片廠商，代表光碟機廠商在2003至2005年中的經營效率最佳。就純技術效率而言，表現較不理想的廠商是光碟片廠商，表示光碟片廠商應在行銷與營運的技術上進行效率的改善，以提升光碟片廠商的未來發展性。在規模效率與規模報酬方面，光碟機與LED廠商在銷售的規模上，擁有最適規模效率的廠商家數較少，代表在規模的控制上，光碟機與LED廠商仍存在一定的進步空間。在差額變數的改善方面，整體的產業都需要減少研究與發展費用，代表我國的光電產業的研發費用普遍太高，未來應提升研發效率，減少在研發上所產生的資源浪費。透過麥氏生產力變動指數分析，發現在2003至2005年中，光碟片、光碟機與LED廠商的生產力皆下滑，表示國內的光電廠商，在刺激銷售之餘，應追求整體生產力的提升。
透過本研究的效率分析與生產力的變動情況，可提供給企業管理者作為改善現階段經營情況，做為未來發展的依據，藉以提升我國光電產業的整體競爭力。

關鍵字

資料包絡分析法 ； 光電產業 ； 麥氏生產力指數

並列摘要

High-technology industry always play an important role for economic in Taiwan. Because revenue of the IC manufacture industry and computer industry are decreasing and the market of mainland are rising, the capacity of competition of high-technology industry in Taiwan which is declining. In this kind of situation, the potential of Opto industry makes government which publishes a new policy: “Two thousand billion for two industries”, the goal of this policy which increase the productivity of Opto industry. There are two approaches to measure the operation efficiency and changing of productivity for Opto industry in this paper, I use “Data envelopment analysis and Malmquist Productivity Index” to compare the efficiency of CD-ROM, Compact Disc and LED industries in 2003 to 2005. The simple is the published company in Taiwan and data come form Taiwan Stock Exchange and Taiwan economic journal.
There are someresults in this paper, first, for total efficiency, the best is CD-ROM industry; the second is LED industry; the worst is Compact Disc industry. The result means the best industry of total efficiency in 2003 to 2005 is CD-ROM industry. Secord, for pure technical efficiency, the worst is Compact Disc industry. The result means that Compact Disk industry should improve their selling and operating efficiency to decrease the waste of recourse. Third, for scale efficiency and return to scale, there are few Most Productive Scale Size (MPSS) company in CD-ROM and LED industry. In future, they should improve their scale in selling and operating. Fourth, for Slack variable analysis, three industries should decrease the expenditure on research and development. The result means that expenditure on research and development of opto industry in Taiwan is too much, they should decrease the cost on it. Finally, using Malmquist Productivity Index, the productivity of CD-ROM, Compact Disc and LED industry was reducing. The result means the opto industry in Taiwan not only increase their sells, but also raise the productivity.
Afer this paper, the manager can find the target to improve their scale and efficiency, and then raise their capacity of competation in opto industry in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Malmquist Productivity Index ； Opto industry ； Data Envelopment Analysis

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