本研究主要目的是從辭彙知識的層面上探討台灣特定型語言障礙兒童在詞彙習得能力上的缺陷表現、以及嘗試透過Center for Research in Language, International Picture-Naming Project(CRL-IPNP)圖片刺激組中大量多張的特性,進一步分析特定型語言障礙兒童的命名錯誤類型比例,且期望提供未來編製相關圖片命名測驗的資訊。 本研究採受試者配對設計,分為兩組受試者,實驗組為11名3歲5個月至6歲0個月的特定型語言障礙兒童,配對控制組為11名3歲3個月至5歲9個月的正常發展兒童,與實驗組兒童一一配對生理年齡、非語文智力和主要照顧者教育程度。實驗程序是給予CRL-IPNP中共227張圖片刺激組及畢保德圖畫詞彙測驗圖片刺激,比較兩組兒童在圖片命名表達辭彙量和理解詞彙量水準上的異同,再從兩組的圖片命名反應中分類出不同類型的命名錯誤進行分析。研究結果發現:(一)實驗組兒童在CRL-IPNP作業上詞彙量明顯低於配對控制組,在總題數答題的反應時間上也明顯比較慢。(二)在兩組命名錯誤類型的區辨分析結果顯示,若就細部分類來看,實驗組犯「完全無關」的錯誤數比例明顯高於配對控制組,而配對控制組犯「語意重複」的錯誤數比例明顯高於實驗組。(三)兩組在理解和表達詞彙量之間皆未達顯著差異。 從本研究結果得知,3-6歲階段的台灣特定型語言障礙兒童仍持續著詞彙量不足的缺陷,在圖片命名作業上反應時間較為緩慢,而本研究在命名錯誤類型分析上則推測正常發展兒童在語意知識連結處理的策略較好,所以犯錯比例較高的類型表現在「語意重複」類型,而特定型語言障礙兒童則在語意連結的認知處理上表現欠佳,犯錯比例較高的類型表現在「完全無關」類型,反映其語意知識的有限,影響詞彙知識習得的增進。然而,在本研究中原預期特定型語言障礙兒童語音錯誤比例較高的情形並未出現,仍待進一步探討討論。
The main purpose of this study is to study vocabulary deficit on vocabulary acguisition, knowledge and use of children with specific language impairment (SLI) in Taiwan and explore the different types of naming error by using Pictures Naming Task established by the Center for Research in Language, International Picture-Naming Project(CRL-IPNP). Furthermore, we expect the data in this study will be helpful to edit vocabulary test in future practically. Eleven chilren with SLI (aged 3.5 to 6) and 11 normal control age-mates (aged 3.3 to 5.9) were administered the 227 pictures naming task and Peabody Pictures Vocabulary Test (PPVT). We compared vocabulary size(comprehention /expression), picture naming speed, and naming error types. The results show that children with SLI had significantly smaller vacobulary size and slower naming speed than normal control age-mates. Children with SLI made a greater proportion of “no relation” errors than their age-mates on picture naming task. The study suggested limited semantic knowledge contributes to “no relation” naming error made by children with SLI in the task. However, phonological errors were not significant as expected implications and potential limits are discussed.