鳳頭鸚鵡羽毛仿生碳基聚苯胺複合材料的製備、鑑定及其在超級電容器中的應用

Preparation and characterization of cockatoo feather-like biomimetic carbon based polyaniline composites and their application in supercapacitors

李妲菈(Leitara Marren Reyes)

指導教授 ： 葉瑞銘

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu202200142

摘要

在眾多研究中，不同功能及變化之材料的潛力正不斷的被發掘與探討，其中將仿生特性與材料科學結合的研究也一直在不斷發展及被探討。已有許多研究探討了使用植物葉子和玫瑰花瓣作為模板製造微奈米等級結構之材料並應用於不同之領域，例如防腐蝕、超級電容、生物支架、光觸媒以及抗菌。而在本次研究中所要應用之領域-超級電容，以仿生且使用動物羽毛作為模板基底的儲能研究還未被探討，因此本次研究會以此為基底作切入及探討。

眾所周知，聚苯胺 (PANI) 是一種價格低廉，具有相對高的電導率，並且易於合成的導電高分子材料。本研究希望除了仿生之結合，還有透過加入源自生物廢料（椰子殼）的活化碳材料進行結合，希望能提高其電導率，以促進協同效應。在這項研究中，聚苯胺和聚苯胺複合材料為透過原位氧化聚合合成法去合成，並使用 HCl 作為摻雜劑，以及使用LiCl作為共摻雜劑。

合成鑑定端會先以過傅里葉轉換紅外線光譜儀 (FT-IR) 證實聚苯胺及其複合物的官能團符合文獻。透過掃描和透射電子顯微鏡（SEM 和 TEM）、拉曼光譜和粉末 X 射線衍射（XRD）對材料表面的形貌、結構和碳材料的分散性進行了觀察及探討。接著再透過熱重分析 (TGA) 評估熱降解行為，以及透過 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) 分析評估樣品表面積的確定。通過四點探針、循環伏安法 (CV)、電化學阻抗譜和恆電流充放電測定電化學性質。經測定及探討後負載為 5 wt% 的仿生 L-PANI/CC 電極在 1 A/g-1 的電流密度下表現出 167 F/g-1 的比電容。這可歸因於聚苯胺和碳填料的綜合性能以及仿生結構電極的疏水特性，本次研究探討希望此新穎性材料能成為超級電容器應用的潛在且良好的提升性能之材料。

關鍵字

超級電容 ； 聚苯胺 ； 生物質衍生碳 ； 仿生學 ； 仿生模板

並列摘要

The research of incorporating biomimetic properties to interdisciplinary material science and engineering has been continuously growing due to its potential for different functional materials. A few studies have previously reported the fabrication of multiscale structures using plant leaves and rose petals as a template; however, there are still no reports found using feathers as template in energy storage applications like supercapacitors.

Polyanilines (PANI) are known to be one of the prospective electrode materials since it is inexpensive, has a relatively high conductivity and due to its ease of synthesis. PANI can be modified for other functions toward application of its electrical conductivity by incorporating activated carbon material derived from biowaste materials such as coconut husk to promote synergistic effect. In this research, polyaniline and polyaniline composites were synthesized through in situ oxidative polymerization with the use of HCl as dopant, and using a co-dopant, LiCl.

The functional groups of PANI and its composite were confirmed through Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The morphology of the material surface, structures and dispersion of the carbon materials were observed through scanning and transmission electron microscopes (SEM and TEM), Raman spectroscopy and powder x-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermal degradation behaviour was assessed by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The determination of the surface area of the samples was assessed through Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The electrochemical properties were determined through four-point probe, cyclic voltammetry (CV), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, and Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge. It was determined that the biomimetic L-PANI/CC electrode with 5 wt% loading presented a specific capacitance of 167 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1. This can be attributed to the combined performance of polyaniline and the carbon filler as well as the hydrophobic properties of the electrode from the biomimetic structure making the composite film a potential material for supercapacitor applications.

並列關鍵字

Supercapacitors ； polyaniline ； biomass derived carbon ； biomimicry ； biotemplate

參考文獻

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